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New educational materials for education in biochemistry at secondary schools
Stránský, Jaroslav ; Martínek, Václav (advisor) ; Distler, Petr (referee)
Biochemistry is usually the last taught discipline of chemistry. In the Czech Republic, grammar school students study biochemistry during the third or fourth grade. This can sometimes cause problems because there is often little time left for biochemistry when compared to other chemical disciplines. The content of the biochemical curriculum is often limited only to memorization of the most important facts and there is no time enough to point out the important relationships of biochemistry to everyday life. In the last year of study, many students have already decided whether or not to study chemistry in the future and it is then difficult to find some topics that would attract the attention of those who do not want to continue studying chemistry. This thesis is focused on the solving this situation. The first part gives an overview on the theoretical background, which forms the framework for the following parts - Analysis of selected textbooks, which was done to map the current state of teaching biochemistry in Czech schools, and Creation of new didactic materials that can complement current textbooks and help teachers explain the basics of biochemistry more clearly and in the context of contemporary everyday life. The last part of this diploma thesis summarizes the experiences with use of the...
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The Development of Animations Supporting Teaching of Biochemistry at High Schools - Signal Transduction
Chaloupková, Denisa ; Teplá, Milada (advisor) ; Martínek, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the processing of educational materials (animation and educational text) to support the teaching of cell signalling. The created materials are primarily intended for students of higher grammar schools and chemically oriented secondary schools and they are aimed at teaching the subject of chemistry and biology. The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis includes the definition of basic concepts of visualization, visual or animation. Subsequently, it deals in more detail with animations, their advantages and disadvantages in teaching and it also deals with the effectiveness of the use of animations in teaching and the variables that affect this effectiveness. This chapter also presents the criteria that should be fulfilled when creating an educational animation and subsequent inclusion in the teaching process. Furthermore, in this part, there is an analysis of curricular documents performed, which is the Framework Education Programme and the School Education Programme related to the topic of cell signaling. The practical part is devoted to the analysis of already created videos freely available on the internet, which deal with the topic of cell signaling. Subsequently, it presents teaching materials that were created by the author of this work. The first teaching...
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Regulation of NMDA receptor trafficking in mammalian cells
Hemelíková, Katarína
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a subclass of glutamate receptors that play an essential role in mediating excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). The activation of NMDA receptors plays a key role in brain development and memory formation. Abnormal regulation of NMDA receptors plays a critical role in the etiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. NMDA receptors form a heterotetrameric complex composed of GluN1, GluN2(A-D) and GluN3(A, B) subunits. The NMDA receptors surface expression is regulated at multiple levels including early processing (synthesis, subunit assembly, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) processing, intracellular trafficking to the cell surface), internalization, recycling and degradation. NMDA receptors are regulated by the availability of GluN subunits within the ER, the presence of ER retention and export signals, and posttranslational modifications including phosphorylation and palmitoylation. However, the role of N-glycosylation in regulating of NMDA receptor processing has not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of regulation of surface expression and functional properties of NMDA receptors. We used a combination of molecular biology, microscopy, biochemistry and...
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Educational applications of the complicated biochemical processes models
Zdražil, Jindřich
My PhD study 'Educational application of models of complex biochemical processes' discusses the possibility of integrating simple bioorganic teaching experiments, modelling complex biochemical processes in living systems into a curriculum of secondary schools, and universities, and even elementary schools in some cases. The aim of these experiments is simplified, but illustrative and appropriate for approaching complex problems of biochemical processes in a transparent experiment, running in spite of conditions comparable to real natural clauses in a living system. The theoretical part is divided into three thematic circuits: biochemistry and bioorganic chemistry, bioorganic models and their characteristics and selected specific forms of applying bioorganic models into teaching chemistry. The next part dealing with bioorganic models and their characteristics is further divided on the base of some specific models. These are consisted of models of enzymes and their catalytic activity, models of biochemical reactions and antidotal and toxic substances affecting life-forms and their carcinogenic efficiency. The practical part contains methodic treatment of six selected models that demonstrate specific biochemical processes or structure of complex organic compounds. These models include modeling biuret...
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Regulation of NMDA receptor trafficking in mammalian cells
Hemelíková, Katarína
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a subclass of glutamate receptors that play an essential role in mediating excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). The activation of NMDA receptors plays a key role in brain development and memory formation. Abnormal regulation of NMDA receptors plays a critical role in the etiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. NMDA receptors form a heterotetrameric complex composed of GluN1, GluN2(A-D) and GluN3(A, B) subunits. The NMDA receptors surface expression is regulated at multiple levels including early processing (synthesis, subunit assembly, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) processing, intracellular trafficking to the cell surface), internalization, recycling and degradation. NMDA receptors are regulated by the availability of GluN subunits within the ER, the presence of ER retention and export signals, and posttranslational modifications including phosphorylation and palmitoylation. However, the role of N-glycosylation in regulating of NMDA receptor processing has not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of regulation of surface expression and functional properties of NMDA receptors. We used a combination of molecular biology, microscopy, biochemistry and...
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Změny vybraných krevních parametrů koní
BERÁNKOVÁ, Hana
Laminitis is one of the most common multifactorial diseases of horse limbs. Recent studies show that 90% of this disease is due to endocrinological diseases such as Cushing's syndrome or equine metabolic syndrome. In available literature, there is not much relevant information on the relationship of laminitis to hematological and biochemical blood parameters. This diploma thesis "Changes in selected blood parameters of horses" evaluates biochemical and haematological blood parameters in connection with laminitis in 27 sick horses. It statistically compares the differences in blood parameters between healthy and sick horses.
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Regulation of NMDA receptor trafficking in mammalian cells
Hemelíková, Katarína ; Horák, Martin (advisor) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee) ; Valeš, Karel (referee)
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a subclass of glutamate receptors that play an essential role in mediating excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). The activation of NMDA receptors plays a key role in brain development and memory formation. Abnormal regulation of NMDA receptors plays a critical role in the etiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. NMDA receptors form a heterotetrameric complex composed of GluN1, GluN2(A-D) and GluN3(A, B) subunits. The NMDA receptors surface expression is regulated at multiple levels including early processing (synthesis, subunit assembly, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) processing, intracellular trafficking to the cell surface), internalization, recycling and degradation. NMDA receptors are regulated by the availability of GluN subunits within the ER, the presence of ER retention and export signals, and posttranslational modifications including phosphorylation and palmitoylation. However, the role of N-glycosylation in regulating of NMDA receptor processing has not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of regulation of surface expression and functional properties of NMDA receptors. We used a combination of molecular biology, microscopy, biochemistry and...
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