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Natural regeneration of mountain spruce forests: 10 years after a bark-beetle outbreak
Jonášová, Magda
An extensive area of mountain spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in the Šumava National Park has been affected by a massive bark beetle (Ips typographus (L.)) outbreak since the middle of the 1990s. Parts of forests were left without interventions, while salvage logging was applied in other areas. The results indicated that a natural succession of mountain spruce forests after a bark beetle outbreak, if left without interventions, avoids a pioneer stage and direct recovery of the spruce forests is possible. Wind-dispersed pioneer species appeared temporarily in clear-cuts shortly after salvage logging, but their share in the whole regeneration was negligible after ten years. The height and age structure of spruce regeneration was reduced in clear-cuts. There was also a severe effect of salvage logging on ground layer vegetation compared to the bark-beetle outbreak itself.
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Implementation possibilities of the Biosphere Reserve concept in the Bohemian Forest
Kušová, Drahomíra ; Těšitel, Jan ; Bartoš, Michael
Large scale protected areas have been considered as a promising way of nature protection. Its management, however, depends to a great extent on the way in which potential coflicts between nature protection measures and socio-economic aspirations of local population is treated. In this context the concept of biosphere reserve, as it was articulated in Sevilla in 1995, is suggested as an effcient tool to achieve the consensus among individual stakeholders. In order to dicuss the chance this concept to be practically implemented within ten years since its inception, three Czech biosphere reserves were analysed in a view of four missiones biosphere reserves are expected to fulfill. The acomplished analysis seem to confirm the fact that the present day Czech legislation enables three of the missions to be achieved, whereas the fourth – promotion of sustainable development – is more or less hindered.
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Pollen monitoring of the Bohemian Forest in the years 1996 - 2006
Svitavská-Svobodová, Helena ; Frantík, Tomáš ; Wild, Jan ; Melichar, V.
The results of the secular pollen monitoring research is focused on the Bohemian Forest where 19 pollen traps were installed on the vertical transects on strategy places gradually covering the areas from natural forest zones to forested-free ones. Three areas were selected in Bohemian Forest (1) the Massif of Trojmezný – Vltavský luh Upper Moldau river valley, (2) Železnohorská hornatina Uplands – Hartmanice region, and (3) Modrava - Kvilda pláně Uplands. The pollen traps were situated in the immediate vicinity of the sampling mire with a known vegetation history, next one on meso-distance at timber-line and the other on the highest peak of the selected transect zone.
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Palaeogenesis of the raised bogs of the Bohemian Forest
Svitavská-Svobodová, Helena
The Bohemian Forest landscape is characterized by the montane oligo-ombrotrophic peatbogs. The palaeogenesis of them began from the shallow lakes in the Dryas 13 thousand years ago. In the Allerod, Younger Dryas, and in the Preboreal a forming of the peatbogs with mosses, and sedges was observed. In the Boreal the vegetation of shrubs composed of Vaccinium, Ericaceae, and Calluna vulgaris covered the Central plains of the Bohemian Forest, in the Atlantic the changement of Carex peat to the peat of Scheuchzeria palustris, and Eriophorum vaginatum is mentioned. In the Subboreal and Subatlantic a development of Sphagnum peat followed. The development of pattern raised bogs began in the Subatlantic.
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