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První údaj o resistenci Digitaria sanguinalis vůči atrazinu v České republice
Salava, J. ; Chodová, D. ; Kočová, M. ; Krahulec, František
A survey on the occurrence of weeds surviving treatment with atrazine was carried out at the railways in the Czech Republic in 2000-05. Large crabgrass was widely distributed at the surveyed railway junctions. Seeds of large crabgrass were collected from plants growing in the surroundings of the railway station Prague-Bubny in 2003 and 2004. Resistance or susceptibility to atrazine was verified by the whole-plant response and chlorophyll fluorescence assays. A region of the psbA gene encoding D1 protein of Photosystem 2 was amplified by PCR and sequenced to determine the molecular basis for the atrazine resistance. It was found out that the resistance in the Prague-Bubny large crabgrass biotype was conferred by a glycine for serine substitution at residue 264 of the Dl protein of Photosystem 2. There was an excellent correspondence between the presence of the mutation and phenotypic resistance to atrazine of individual plants.
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Inducers and elicitors of systemic acquired resistance of rapeseed to Leptosphaeria maculans
Šašek, Vladimír ; Burketová, Lenka
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is one of the sophisticated mechanisms used by plants to defend themselves against pathogen attacks and herbivorous insects. It is based on the activation of defense mechanisms in uninfected parts of the plant. As a result the entire plant is more resistant to a secondary infection. That is very advantageous for the plant because it is too costly to have defense responses switched on all the time. Although this phenomenon was described almost fifty years ago, it received no serious attention until past decade. To use SAR widespread in integrated pest management it is necessary to describe it on molecular level and show its differences in various host-pathogen interactions.
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