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Microstructural Study and Analysis of Hard Zinc
Luptáková, Natália ; Pešlová, F. ; Stodola, P. ; Stodola, J.
The presented work is focused on the character and morphology of the input material for the production of metallic zinc which is used in the production of ZnO through indirect pyrometallurgical processes. The input material is the key parameter in the production of high-quality zinc oxide. For the prediction of a complex production process when problematic situation may occur, the systematic analysis of the input zinc raw materials is needed. Undesirable phases in the feedstock can be identified through profound recognition of the source material and the nature of its microstructure. Chemical composition of zinc metal and zinc additives helps to detect the phases occurring in the matrix. Undesirable phases in the feedstock can form hard and brittle compounds. If these compounds diffuse into the lining during thermal processes, they become the cause of stress in metallurgical ceramics. From the microstructure viewpoint, the heterogeneity of the grain size, various morphology of intermediate phases, their layout, arrangement, etc. can be expected. The results obtained by analysis are used to minimize waste-zinc slag and to eliminate the conditions which enable the formation of the undesired product, thereby increasing the productivity of the zinc oxide production. Moreover, another important knowledge could be used for modernization and effective the process of industrial production of ZnO in practical application in military technologies.
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Analysis of slag material in the production of zinc oxide
Luptáková, Natália ; Pešlová, F.
The given paper is closely connected with determination of character and morphology of slag generated in the production of ZnO. Hazardous situations relating to occurrence of these elements are hidden in their ability to create ternary eutectic formations and in terms of mechanical properties, they have ability to create quite fragile structure. The presence of oxygen as well as high temperature causes adhesion of ternary eutectic. Zinc slag has the influence on rapid degradation of the linings and moreover it also decreases the production quality of ZnO. Analysis results are significant information for minimizing of waste material and easier removing of stuck slag.
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Effect of residual elements on quality of pure zinc
Luptáková, Natália ; Pešlová, F. ; Stodola, J.
The paper deals with the nature and morphology of the input material for the production of metallic zinc which is used in the production of ZnO through indirect pyrometallurgical processes. The input material is the key parameter in the production of high-quality zinc oxide. For the prediction of complex production process when problematic situation may occur, the systematic analysis of the input zinc raw materials is needed. Undesirable phases in the feedstock can be identified through profound recognition of the source material and the nature of its microstructure. Chemical composition of zinc metal and zinc additives helps to detect the phases occurring in the matrix. Undesirable phases in the feedstock can form (with zinc and other elements) hard and brittle compounds. If these compounds diffuse into the lining during thermal processes, they become the cause of stress in metallurgical ceramics. The emergence of these chemical reactions may subsequently affect the entire metallurgical zinc smelting process. From the microstructure viewpoint, the heterogeneity of grain size, various morphology of intermediate phases, their layout, arrangement, etc. can be expected. The results obtained by analysis are used to minimize waste - zinc slag and to eliminate the conditions which enable the formation of the undesired product, thereby increasing the productivity of the zinc oxide production.
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