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Controlling of myoelectric prothesis
Tomanová, Markéta ; Bubník, Karel (referee) ; Janoušek, Oto (advisor)
The Master´s thesis summarizes the knowledge about controlling of myoelectric prostheses. The Introduction part of this work provides an overview of the anatomy of muscles and their contraction. In case of restricted function of hand, it is necessary to compensate this deficiency by using prosthetic limbs. Among one of the most technically difficult is robotic prosthesis. In this semestral work is myoelectric prosthesis replaced by a robotic arm. Arm is controlled by the electromyographic signals. The signals are recorded by Biopac acquision unit, then processed in LabVIEW and robotic system is controlled by the Arduino platform.
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Upper Extremity Prosthetics
Tomanová, Markéta ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
Bachelor´s thesis summarizes the knowledge about prosthetic substitutes upper extremities, with a focus on myoelectric prosthesis, the bionic arm. Practical work provides an overview of the different types of upper limb prostheses, starting with cosmetic prostheses without the active functions, ending with active myoelectric hand. Literature search is performed, including the summary table comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each upper limb prostheses. The next section deals with directly myoelectric extremities, with a view to prosthesis individual companies to specialize their production of these prostheses. The practical part was focused on recording electromyographic signals directly intended to control myo-electric prostheses. The proposed block diagram shows the bionic arm components required for its activity. The included software allows to process signals measured using the Biopac system. The result is a functional work program based on the principle of detecting overthreshold impulses. Based on the resulting binary outputs there are the final results of the prosthesis control, both text and graphics, shown after adjusting.
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Vliv vlhkosti půdy na hydrologickou odezvu povodí při různých srážkových úhrnech
TOMANOVÁ, Markéta
This diploma thesis deals with the Influence of soil moisture on hydrological response of a catchment to precipitation. The study was conducted on the sub-basin of Jenínský stream in the monitored vegetation period for the years 2010 - 2013. The characteris-tics such as total precipitation, flow and soil volume moisture at different depths were monitored. The first part of this thesis contains a literature study that mentions soil moisture as one of the factors influencing the hydrological response of river drainage basins to precipitation. In the practical part, the thesis deals with the evaluation of measured precipitation totals and descriptive statistical values of flow and soil moisture at a depth of 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 150 cm and 200 cm. The other section of the practical part deals with significant precipitation episodes and their impact of rain intensity on water runoff from the basin. The final objective is to evaluate the effect of soil moisture on surface runoff characteristics at different precipitation totals.
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Analýza genu beta-kasein u plemen jersey a brown swiss v České republice
Tomanová, Markéta
The quality of milk in cattle is influenced by many genes. One of them is gene CSN2. The aim of this diploma thesis was to test animal population of about 240 individuals of Jersey and Brown Swiss breed in Czech Republic. DNA was isolated from blood. Genotypes were determined by sequencing followed by determining genotypes and alleles frequencies. The association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism with milk yield parameters was performed by using SAS program. The selected parameters were lactation days, milk yield (kg), fat content in milk (% and kg) and protein content (% and kg). These parameters were available for 126 animals. Statistically significant effect of CSN2 genotype on the selected milk production traits was not found in the studied population. Only effect of breed was found as statistically significant.
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Analýza trhu pozemků ve zvolené oblasti
TOMANOVÁ, Markéta
The theme of the thesis is the treatment of the analysis of the land market in the Bechyně town. The point is to evaluate the chosen territory and to determine the average price of the given kinds of land. The thesis is divided into two major parts. The first part is literary research which is mainly dedicated to explaining of the basic concepts of valuation, factors influencing the price of the land, methods of valuation and explaining of the analysis of the market and its individual steps. The second part is the practical one which is dealing with the description of the locality from the economical and commercial point of view, further on with the analysis of the supply of the land market and determination of the prices of the given kinds of land. In the conclusion there is a comparison of my final prices of the land with the publicly accessible supply prices.
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Environmental impacts of the floods in the South Bohemia area
TOMANOVÁ, Markéta
The environmental impacts of floods on the territory of South Bohemia was chosen as a topic of a thesis for several fundamental reasons. One main reason is the significance of the landscape and reflect on its values. The landscape is a set of individually occurring scenic features and extensive landscape structures, in which have individual natural compounds their irreplaceable function. Besides landscapes, the floods have a different environmental impact. Since 1997, the occurrence of floods has unexpectedly increased, and therefore the issue is getting more and more attention. Currently, the so-called environmental security is a hot topic, the evidence can be seen in the increase in professional publications and it also gets into the school curricula. Although the thesis focuses on the territory of South Bohemia, the results can be applied for the entire Czech Republic. The final survey includes a total of eight municipalities with extended powers, where interviews were conducted with the employees of the Department of the Environment, the Crisis Management,the Regional Hygiene Station of the South Bohemia, the Vltava River Basin and selected agricultural companies. This thesis titled "The environmental impact of floods in the South Bohemia" aims to evaluate the changes caused by the floods in the affected areas in the South Bohemia a reserach questiion follows: What are the effects of floods in terms of environmental impact in the South Bohemian Region? To achieve the set objectives the method of literature research was used, by which the basic information necessary to understand the issue was described. The method of qualitative research was also used; the reasearch was based on structured interviews with experts in the field. Afterwards, the information were logically organized and evaluated. The thesis is divided into two general parts. The first is a theoretical part, which describes the flood and its categories and its causes. It also explains the factors affecting the flood, the impacts on habitat and the flood retention capacity and its increase. It also describes and compares the largest floods in the Czech Republic since the 19th century, the basic law governing the issue of water and floods, flood protection organization in the Czech Republic and last but not least, the environmental security and the definition of the duties of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. The second part describes the effects of floods in terms of the environmental impacts and describes its recourse. The nature needs some changes in order to be varied. That may come in the form of floods, even though after the water decrease its tremendous power and devastating effects can be seen. Based on research, it was found that there are long-term impacts on the landscape and environment but they are not so crucial. Water takes everything that comes its way, but the landscape itself can handle water very well. Drops of water soak into the ground or flow into the watercourse. The consequences of flooding depend on how much is the soil able to absorb water and how much time it would take. Unfortunately, this nature´s ability is distorted mostly by people and their actions. The water soil soaking is spoiled by buildings, badly tilled soil, inadequate food planting and destroyed hedgerows that serve as a hiding place for the animals. Maybe if the greatest importance was not emphasized on protecting people and their health, people would care more about the landscape and would be grateful for what nature offers and provides. The fundamentals of this work are solutions that would improve the environmental situation. The care should be taken not only to individual preventive measures, but to prevent floods and minimize their consequences. The starting point is to increase the retention, since the landscape has a short-term water retention problem.
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Epigenetické reprogramování u rostlin a živočichů
Tomanová, Markéta
Organisms have to cope almost daily with the activity of transposable elements which can cause negative effects in them thanks to their ability of transposition. The activity of transposons is regulated in normal conditions. From the point of view of their potential harmful activity, the most critical phase is the period of gametes formation and embryogenesis when the process called epigenetic reprogramming occures. It means that the epigenetic information (especially DNA mehylation) is deleted and than re-estabilished which is the esential process for cell diferentiation and tissue formation. During mentioned process of epigenetic reprogramming transposable elements become active which is the reason why this phase of the development is labeled as critical. This happenes especially in critical phases of their development. This work is focused to DNA methylation in transposons which was probably evolved as a sort of defense against their possible harmful effects. Processes wchich occure in reproductive cells are also described. Every mentioned processes are different in plant and animal cells. However, they are similar in some aspects. These are also the subject of this work.
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