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Living Standards Measurement Using Income and Expenditure for the Czech Republic
Tachovská, Tereza ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Soudek, Jan (referee)
(in English) The aim of this thesis is to show the differences in results regarding living standards when using income and expenditures in the Czech Republic. The main factor which leads to inaccuracy in the results when using only income is consumption smoothing. The thesis examines income and expenditure inequality and poverty between 2001 and 2011. Each measurement uses more measures (coefficients, indices, etc.) to gain the most comprehensive impression possible and to avoid possible deficiencies. Namely, the head count ratio, the aggregate poverty gap, the Sen index and the Takayama index for poverty, and the Gini coefficient, the coefficient of variation and the Theil index for measuring inequality are used. An analysis of the relationship between average income and expenditures shows that average monthly income was higher than expenditures. The trend in inequality was more or less the same for income and expenditures when considering the whole population (constant or increasing depending on the measure used); with regard to the inequality of pensioners, the results were quite different depending on the measure. Expenditure poverty for the whole population exceeded income poverty, whereas for pensioners' households it was the other way around. The whole population, poverty was relatively...
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Factors Determining Czech Export on Different Aggregations with Focus on Electrical Engineering: Gravity Model Approach
Tachovská, Tereza ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Cingl, Lubomír (referee)
The thesis provides a quantitative analysis of the Czech export with a further focus on the electrical engineering and on the electric motors and generators. The tool used for the analysis is the gravity model of the international trade, and the estimation method employed is the PPML estimator. The novelty of the research lies in a one country export analysis, and in a comparison of the export functions on three different aggregations and for two states (the Czech Republic and France). The panel data analysis of the period between 1995 and 2013 reveals that the Czech Republic was more export-driven than France, an unanticipated fact about a dissimilarity of the total and the machinery and transport equipment export functions of the Czech Republic, and a statistically nonsignificant influence of the euro on the Czech export. The one year analyses of 1995 and 2013 reveal an increasing importance of the distance and the partner's GDP on both countries' exports, and a nonimportance of the partner's EU membership and of the geographic location in the CEE on the Czech export. JEL Classification C13, C23, F10, F12, F14 Keywords determining factors of export, gravity models of trade, Czech Republic, electrical engineering Author's e-mail t.tachovska@seznam.cz Supervisor's e-mail benacekv@fsv.cuni.cz
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Living Standards Measurement Using Income and Expenditure for the Czech Republic
Tachovská, Tereza ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Soudek, Jan (referee)
(in English) The aim of this thesis is to show the differences in results regarding living standards when using income and expenditures in the Czech Republic. The main factor which leads to inaccuracy in the results when using only income is consumption smoothing. The thesis examines income and expenditure inequality and poverty between 2001 and 2011. Each measurement uses more measures (coefficients, indices, etc.) to gain the most comprehensive impression possible and to avoid possible deficiencies. Namely, the head count ratio, the aggregate poverty gap, the Sen index and the Takayama index for poverty, and the Gini coefficient, the coefficient of variation and the Theil index for measuring inequality are used. An analysis of the relationship between average income and expenditures shows that average monthly income was higher than expenditures. The trend in inequality was more or less the same for income and expenditures when considering the whole population (constant or increasing depending on the measure used); with regard to the inequality of pensioners, the results were quite different depending on the measure. Expenditure poverty for the whole population exceeded income poverty, whereas for pensioners' households it was the other way around. The whole population, poverty was relatively...
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