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Romany women and reproductive health
TREPPESCHOVÁ, Adéla
Reproduction health means ability to become pregnant, bear the full term and give birth to a healthy child. Every woman is responsible for her care for reproduction health. Health is also closely connected with love for family. Family is very important for Romani people as it is a source of power and deep roots and satisfies life necessities of its members. The thesis titled Romani Women and Reproduction Health deals mainly with the issues of reproduction health of Romani women which includes family planning of Romani women, pregnant Romani women, abortion, childbirth, contraception and also climacteric and preventive screening mammography. The issues connected with reproduction health are quite serious as preventive medical examinations are essential for subsequent treatment when a disease is diagnosed. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether or not there is any education in the area of family planning of Romani women; whether or not Romani women plan their parenthood; whether or not family planning is affected by the traditional Romani family pattern; at what age they give their first birth; whether or not Romani women undergo preventive gynaecological examinations; whether or not Romani women are informed about vaccination against uterine suppository cancer; and whether or not Romani women use hormonal substitution therapy during their climacteric. The hypotheses below were defined for these aims. The aim of the first hypothesis was to verify that there is no education in the area of family planning of Romani women. The hypothesis was verified by a questionnaire and its subsequent statistical evaluation. The aim of the second hypothesis was to verify that Romani women plan their pregnancy but this hypothesis was not verified. The aim of the third hypothesis was to verify that family planning of Romani women is affected by the traditional Romani family pattern which was not verified. The aim of the fourth hypothesis was to verify that Romani women give their first birth at the age of 17 or so. This hypothesis was verified by a questionnaire and its subsequent statistical evaluation. The aim of the fifth hypothesis was to verify that Romani women undergo preventive gynaecological examinations. This hypothesis was verified. The aim of the sixth hypothesis was to verify that Romani women are not informed about vaccination against uterine suppository cancer. This hypothesis was not verified. The aim of the seventh hypothesis was to verify that Romani women do not use hormonal replacement therapy during their climacteric. This hypothesis was verified. There were four research questions defined for a qualitative check. The first question concerned the fact how the lower socioeconomic status of Romani families affects the number of children being born. The second research question concerned the most frequent gynaecological diseases occurring of Romani women. The third question concerned the issues connected with pregnancy of Romani women. The fourth question concerned the fact whether or not Romani women let their daughters be vaccinated against uterine suppository cancer. The results of the research questions show that the informants did not have problems to become pregnant; when they had health problems during pregnancy they went to hospital to avoid complications; their lower socioeconomic status does not have any impact on the number of children in Romani families; five informants out of nine did not have any gynaecological problems; all Romani informants are informed about vaccination against uterine suppository cancer; and only three women out of nine would not let their daughters be vaccinated. A combination of quantitative and qualitative checks was used for the practical part of the thesis. A non-standardized interview and a questionnaire were used as the data collection technique. The research group consisted of Romani women of all age categories from České Budějovice.
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Often hospitalization of children and its affect on his need of safety and sureness
TREPPESCHOVÁ, Adéla
The need is the manifestation of absence, lack of something or infringement of internal balance and influence the individual to the behaviour that should again create the balance. The need of certainty and safety is dominant need especially for small children. It is need to avoid jeopardy and danger and express oneself by the general human tendency to eliminate the anxiety and it is possible to meet the needs by reliable and sure interpersonal relationship. The feel of certainty and safety enables obtaining of confidence, life worth, reliability, independency, orientation in human community as well as in material value. The hospitalization of a child means significant interference with person life. In the hospital a child is separated from the family and its home environment. A child is hamper in movement, lay up and invest with foreign people in foreign environment with different daily routine. We speak about hospitalism when the conditions in hospital or in another institute, where is the child on the long- term basis hospitalize, are so unfavourable that the child is harmed in its development. From the medical point of view has a child hospitalization also positive aspect such as pernament medical supervision and professional care. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to find out whether an often hospitalized child meet the needs. I have appointed two different hypothesis: The need of certainty and safety is not fulfil in an often hospitalized child (H1). The nurse cooperation with child dependents is minimal during the time of child hospitalization (H2). Any of the above hypothesis where proven. Quantitative research was used for processing of practical part of my bachelor thesis called: ``Often hospitalization of children and its affect on his need of safety and sureness.{\crqq} Controlled interview, observation and questionaire were used as technique of data collection and as a research collection I used patients of children's ward and its dependent from hospital in České Budějovice and Písek. The results shows that during a child hospitalization a child has only a low rate of anxiety from staying in hospital, its environment and medical staff. In the contrary a great number of children are sorrowful in the hospital. They miss both parents and friends, pet or their toys. During the hospitalization more than half of parents is accomodated together with their child. Average period of hospitalization of a child is in about sixty percents cases only one week, in twenty-five percents cases two to four weeks, in ten percents cases five or more than five weeks. Only small percentage of informants did not reply this question. Information about a disease that caused hospitalization of a child was in more than half of the cases supplied by attending physician, in twenty percents cases by parents and less than ten percents of informants did not reply this question. I would like this thesis to serve as a textbook and as an instructive material for both medical staff and parents of hospitalized children.
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