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Transgenerational transmission of romani musical knowledge and skills in Klenovec and Kokava
Nuska, Petr ; Jurková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Skořepová, Zita (referee)
This thesis analyses transgenerational transmission of musical knowledge and skills, (i.e. methods of musical teaching and learning) in the community of Romani musicians in Klenovec and Kokava in Central Slovakia. The thesis questions widespread myth about innate musicality of Roma and suggests an alternative explanation for postulated musical excellence of Roma through differences in their musical education. In the first part of the thesis, the question of musical-talent heritability both in social and natural science is being discussed. It concludes that despite of long discussions and recent hints in the field of genetic, we cannot consider an inborn genetic component for Romani musicality. In the second part, theoretical differences in music-educational systems are discussed (Merriam, Van den Bos, Turino) and the majority's institutionalised system of musical education of the Czech Republic and Slovakia is presented. The third part is a comparison of the institutionalised system with traditional methods of musical learning and teaching inside musicians' community in Klenovec and Kokava. Specifics of these methods and their contribution to construction of Romani musicality are discussed. This part is based upon data collected during author's own ethnographic research (2013-2015). The final part of the...
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Acculturation Strategies in Musical Self-presentations of Immigrants in the Czech Republic
Skořepová, Zita ; Jurková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Stavělová, Daniela (referee)
This thesis is based on my research dealing with musicians - members of different immigrant minority communities, who explicitly identify themselves with their ethnicity and the region of their origin. The musicians mention that they come, e.g., from Cuba, Ukraine or generally from "Central Asia" and the music offered to the audience is presented as "Cuban", "Ukrainian folk" or "traditional music of Central Asia". The subject of study are their concerts, regarded as musical occasions - performances - with defined modes of participants' interaction. In the Goffmanian sense, the meaning of each selfpresentation is determined by the behavior of the musicians during the performances, and the repertoire, place and occasion of the event and type of audience are considered as "bearers of sings". In their self-presentations, the musicians expose in various ways who they are, where they come from and in various ways present the musical (not only) culture of their origin. Inspiring myself by typology of acculturation strategies formulated by John W. Berry (Berry et al., 1997), I try to identify acculturation strategies based on factors determining the character of the respective musical self-presentations of the immigrants. When can we observe behavior according to the principles of integration on the one...
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Viennese Czechs and their music in the 21st century from an ethnomusicological perspective
Skořepová, Zita ; Jurková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Matoušek, Vlastislav (referee) ; Bittnerová, Dana (referee)
Around 1900, Vienna became the city with the greatest number of Czech-language speakers. Members of the Czech minority founded important community institutions and engaged in a wide range of cultural activities - music among them. The most important markers characterizing the contemporary Czech minority in Vienna are (1) several variously motivated and differently politically determined waves of voluntary, but also involuntary, migration, (2) presence of descendants of those Czechs who stayed on the territory of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, and (3) coexistence of several generations and groups of people with different political orientation and attitudes towards integration into Austrian society. At present, the Czech Viennese minority is a heterogeneous community with different "culture cohorts". Using fieldwork, thus the participant observation of musical events together with the semi- structured interviews and combining the theoretical perspectives of ethnomusicology and diaspora studies, this dissertation deals with the three interrelated questions: How do the musical creativity and participation at musical events reflect the heterogeneity of the contemporary Czech Viennese minority? How does the migrant situation determine the creativity, respectively the participation at musical events? And how...
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Czech-Balkan counterpoint: Ethnography of the phenomenon Balkan music in Prague
Libánská, Alena ; Jurková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Matoušek, Vlastislav (referee) ; Skořepová, Zita (referee)
This Ph.D. thesis deals with the musical phenomenon Balkan music in Prague. The so- called Balkan music (in the sense of Shelemay's 2006 soundscape) is considered to be the result of social negotiating (counterpoint) between the agents, i.e., the Czech musicians and audience, and also those (musicians and audience) who originally come from the Balkan countries. Using the tools of ethnographic research, the thesis explores the nature of this relationship. Specifically, I focus on the very creation of the concept Balkan music in the Czech scene and the role the Balkan migration plays in its formation. It turns out that the very imagination of the 'Balkans' plays a key role in defining the phenomenon, and the form of music itself is the result of the imaginations of (an imaginary) milieu (i.e., stereotypes) that is perceived as culturally distant (Todorova 2009).
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