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The Use of Biomechanics as Supporting Argumentation for Expert Opinion Conclusions
Veselý, Vratislav ; Ravnik, David (advisor) ; Maršík, František (referee) ; Horák, Zdeněk (referee)
of the dissertaton Title: The use of biomechanics as a supportng argumentaton for the conclusions of expert opinions Auhtor: Ing. Vratslav Veselý, MBA Keywords: trafc accident, mechanism of injury, head injury, pedestrian, car windscreen, head impact velocity, deformaton zones The aim of this dissertaton is to map the mechanical propertes of the bones of the face and skull from the available literature and to describe the mechanisms of brain and cervical spine injuries. The descripton of these mechanisms contributes to the elucidaton of the origin of injuries from a purely mechanical/biomechanical perspectve, and in forensic practce contributes to the understanding of the situaton by other engineering professions not involved in forensic medicine. The strength and stfness parameters of the bones of the face and skull are used to determine the magnitude, directon and locaton of possible forces for fracture formaton, etc. Another objectve is to propose and describe a simple analytcal approach for determining the velocity of the head when striking the windshield of an automobile. To address the dependence of head impact velocity and car speed, and the efect of windscreen tlt. Using experimental testng, to describe the defects produced on the windscreen of a car afer a crash of...
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Neuromuscular control of motor units in strength and coordination dependant tasks for lower limbs
Šádek, Petr ; Otáhal, Jakub (advisor) ; Ravnik, David (referee) ; Vláčilová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Neuromuscular control of motor units in strength and coordination dependent tasks for lower limbs. Objective: To compare muscle activity on the level of motor units through decomposition of surface electromyography signal from vastus medialis during given strength and coordination oriented movement tasks and to describe eventual differences in the parameters of tracked motor units in regards to given movement tasks. To assess the quality of chosen method for describing the muscle activity control on the level of motor units for further possible applications in the research and clinical environment. To summarize relevant knowledge acquired through the decomposition method of surface electromyography signal regarding the control of movement, motor unit activation and other relevant informations for clinical environment. Method: Theoretical part of the work presents the decomposition method, the process of its evolution and its constituent parts in the context of electromyographic evaluation of muscles along with selected chapters of neuromuscular kinesiology on the level of motor units. The experimental portion of presented thesis was carried out on 12 probands in the age of 23,2 (+- 5,3) years, who were instructed to perform the selected movement tasks of single leg squat in two different...
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Kinesio taping in treatment and prevention of thumb overload in outpatient physiotherapy
Neklanová, Anna ; Ravnik, David (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee)
Title : Kinesio taping in treatment and prevention of thumb overload in outpatient physiotherapy Purposes : The main purpose of this thesis was to evaluate a degree of pain decrease in thumb joint after kinesio tape application. The differences in grip strength were concurrently evaluated to objectify previous results. Hand dynamometer was used to support this claim. Methods : Data for the experiment were obtained by use of hand dynamometer measurement and record of a pain degree according to chosen pain scale. Each person was measured right before defined strain and immediately after it (daily work in outpatient therapy according to therapist's working shift). Each therapist was asked to record a degree of actual pain following the instructions during strain. All the results were processed and statistically analyzed. Results : The results show that kinesio tape is successful in decreasing of thumb joint pain. This was confirmed both during and after the strain. At the same time kinesio tape prevents decreasing of the grip strength. Keywords : Thumb, thumb joint, kinesio taping of a thumb, dynamometry, pain decrease of a thumb, overloading of a thumb
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Kinematic of cervical thoracic spine in the context of whole body posture
Vláčilová, Ivana ; Šorfová, Monika (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee) ; Ravnik, David (referee)
Title: Kinematic of cervical thoracic spine in the context of whole body posture Problematics: This work describes the kinematics of upper thoracic spine during specific movement of the shoulder girdle. The kinematic changes are evaluated with the relationship of the whole body posture. Aim: To develop the objective evaluation of the posture and the amount of the segmental spinal movement of cervical thoracic spine. To describe the relationship between the specific movement of arm - adduction and external humeral rotation - and the posture using 3D kinematic analysis. To objectify this tested movement as a diagnostic tool or a therapy for forward head posture. Methods: The theoretical part of this work summarizes the current knowledge of poor posture and there is defined the upright posture. The experimental part describes the measurement of the movement of shoulder girdle and its response to the axial system using 3D kinematic analysis. Result: The results of kinematic 3D motion analysis show that the external humeral rotation with adduction of the shoulder leads to the upright posture if there is the horizontal position of the thorax and pelvis. The posture was divided due to the physiological or pathological response with this simple movement. Conclusion: A new model for evaluation of the...
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Kinesio taping in treatment and prevention of thumb overload in outpatient physiotherapy
Neklanová, Anna ; Ravnik, David (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee)
Title : Kinesio taping in treatment and prevention of thumb overload in outpatient physiotherapy Purposes : The main purpose of this thesis was to evaluate a degree of pain decrease in thumb joint after kinesio tape application. The differences in grip strength were concurrently evaluated to objectify previous results. Hand dynamometer was used to support this claim. Methods : Data for the experiment were obtained by use of hand dynamometer measurement and record of a pain degree according to chosen pain scale. Each person was measured right before defined strain and immediately after it (daily work in outpatient therapy according to therapist's working shift). Each therapist was asked to record a degree of actual pain following the instructions during strain. All the results were processed and statistically analyzed. Results : The results show that kinesio tape is successful in decreasing of thumb joint pain. This was confirmed both during and after the strain. At the same time kinesio tape prevents decreasing of the grip strength. Keywords : Thumb, thumb joint, kinesio taping of a thumb, dynamometry, pain decrease of a thumb, overloading of a thumb
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Kinematic of cervical thoracic spine in the context of whole body posture
Vláčilová, Ivana ; Šorfová, Monika (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee) ; Ravnik, David (referee)
Title: Kinematic of cervical thoracic spine in the context of whole body posture Problematics: This work describes the kinematics of upper thoracic spine during specific movement of the shoulder girdle. The kinematic changes are evaluated with the relationship of the whole body posture. Aim: To develop the objective evaluation of the posture and the amount of the segmental spinal movement of cervical thoracic spine. To describe the relationship between the specific movement of arm - adduction and external humeral rotation - and the posture using 3D kinematic analysis. To objectify this tested movement as a diagnostic tool or a therapy for forward head posture. Methods: The theoretical part of this work summarizes the current knowledge of poor posture and there is defined the upright posture. The experimental part describes the measurement of the movement of shoulder girdle and its response to the axial system using 3D kinematic analysis. Result: The results of kinematic 3D motion analysis show that the external humeral rotation with adduction of the shoulder leads to the upright posture if there is the horizontal position of the thorax and pelvis. The posture was divided due to the physiological or pathological response with this simple movement. Conclusion: A new model for evaluation of the...
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The influence of woman's masectomy on breathing movements
Koudelková, Klára ; Ravnik, David (advisor) ; Kubový, Petr (referee)
Title: The influence of woman's masectomy on breathing movements Objectives: The aim of this work is to investigate influence of total mastectomy on range of breathing motion. We compare women after mastectomy and healthy women. The next goal is to investigate presence of asymetry these movements between surgical and nonsurgical side. We again compare results of women after mastectomy and healthy women. I would like to point to need of care for the scar, thanks to which we can minimize its negative effects. Methods: In our thesis we used optoelectronic kinematic analyzer Qualisys to measure range of motion of thoracic and abdominal wall during breathing. We made measurement during quiet and deep breathing. More facts about patient's condition we obtained through kinesiology examination. Results: We found out that total mastectomy have an effect on range of breathing motion in women after this operation. The surgery side show lower range of motion during breathing. It means that we found presence of asymmetry theses movements between surgical and nonsurgical side. The biggest asymmetry was present in third line (cca level of fifth rib). These findings we can see during quiet and deep breathing and prove our claim about the need of care for scar. Keywords: breathing movements, total mastectomy,...
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