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Analýza dlouhodobého vývoje jasu noční oblohy na Observatoři Pierre Augera
Podškubka, Radek ; Prouza, Michael (advisor) ; Trávníček, Petr (referee)
In this paper we compare night sky brightness at the Pierre Auger Observatory with the flux of the solar extreme UV radiation. The night sky brightness is measured for monitoring purposes during operation of fluorescence detectors. The data were processed several times under slightly different conditions that should exclude the impact of moonlight, artificial light pollution and cloudiness. If one does not consider the effects mentioned before, the main source of night sky brightness is an airglow. The goal is to show that night sky brightness correlates with the flux of solar extreme UV radiation, what will confirm that extreme UV radiation is the cause of the airglow origin.
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Kalibrace fluorescenčních detektorů kosmického záření s použitím astronomických metod
Kotíková, Irena ; Prouza, Michael (advisor) ; Šmída, Radomír (referee)
This diploma thesis examines the possibilities of a new method of astronomical calibration at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina. Its goal is to use stars as objects with known brightness to calibrate the fluorescence detectors and compare these results with the existing calibration. The analysis was done using computer programs which use the star catalog and experimental background data to compare the current calibration with our method. Results that are presented conclude that the calibration using stars is consistent with the existing calibration, however, the error of the new method is much higher. Nevertheless, there is a good potential for scale - it could be used for all past and future data. Potential improvements to this method and its error are suggested.
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Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and Theirs Detection in Auger Project
Prouza, Michael
rigorozniprace. Michael Prouza: Kosmicke zdfeni extremne vysokych energii a jeho detekce v projektu A UGER Tato prace pfinasf pfehled principu pozorovam kosmickeho zafem s extremnevysokymi energiemi a popis designu a fungovam Observatore Pierra Augera (OPA). Specialni po- zornost je venovana fluorescencnfmu detektoru (FD) tohoto v soucasnosti nejvetsiho de- tektoru kosmickehosafem na svete, umi'steneho v argentinske pampe. Na zvlaste detailni urovni je diskutovano nekolik originalnich pffspevku autora teto prace: Zaprve, byl studovan vliv magnetickeho pole Galaxie na sifenf kosmickeho zafeni a byla provedena statisticka analyza prostoroveho rozlozeni ziskanych vysledku. 2adruhe, byl vyvinut specialni programovy kod, ktery umoznuje pozorovani s FD, kdyg je Mesic nad obzorem. Aplikace tohoto kodu vedla ke avyseni pozorovaciho casu FD o 20 %. Zatfeti, pozadova data z fluorescencniho detektoru byla vyuzita pro detailni analyzu pfesne ori- entace jednotlivych fluorescencnich teleskopu, coz je nezbytne pro pfesnou geometrickou rekonstrukci detekovanych sprsek kosmickeho zareni. 2actvrte, byl v Argentine v ramci OPA zkonstruovan roboticky fotometricky dalekohled FRAM. 2akladnfm ukolem FRAMu je sledovanf okamzite aerosolove extinkce, tento pnstroj se vsak venuje i pozorovani promennych hvezd a optickych...
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The observations of gamma ray sources and calibration of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
Juryšek, Jakub ; Prouza, Michael (advisor) ; Moderski, Rafal (referee) ; Svoboda, Jiří (referee)
In this thesis, we present the Monte Carlo study of two prototypes of tele- scopes for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory, followed by the first data analysis partially using our reconstruction pipeline based on Random Forests. The Monte Carlo model of the SST-1M prototype is created and val- idated by comparison with data. Using the precise Monte Carlo models, we evaluate the performance of the SST-1M and LST-1 prototypes, working so-far in mono-regime as standalone telescopes, resulting in their energy and angular resolution, and the differential sensitivity. We also present an analysis of the data from the first two Crab Nebula observation campaigns conducted with the LST-1 telescope. In the last part of the thesis, we present a study of aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere above both future sites of the CTA observa- tory, retrieved from photometric measurements of Sun/Moon photometers. We focus on the photometer in-situ calibration for nocturnal measurements and introduce corrections to minimize systematic shifts between diurnal and noc- turnal measurements. Using the developed methods, we present the aerosol characterization of both CTA sites based on the photometric data. 1
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Study of dark energy and modified gravity and their influence on the cosmological parameters of the universe
Vraštil, Michal ; Prouza, Michael (advisor) ; Heitmann, Katrin (referee) ; Heyrovský, David (referee)
Title: Study of dark energy and modified gravity and their influence on the cosmological parameters of the universe Author: Michal Vraštil Institute: Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Supervisor: RNDr. Michael Prouza, Ph.D., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Abstract: Discovery of the accelerated expansion of the Universe poses a major theoretical puzzle. Although the assumption of a non-zero cosmological constant provides a minimal extension of general relativity that is consistent with observational data, many theories of modified gravity have been suggested as possible alternatives due to serious problems connected with the cosmological constant. Numerical predictions of structure formation for these models in the fully non-linear regime are very expensive and it is difficult, if not impossible, to explore such a huge space of models and parameters using high-resolution N-body simulations. Even in the mildly nonlinear regime, perturbative methods can become extremely complex. We explore whether simplified dynamical approximations, applicable for a certain set of cosmological probes, can be used to investigate models of modified gravity with acceptable accuracy in the latter instance. For the case of chameleon gravity, we found that it is screened away on scales...
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Kalibrace fluorescenčních detektorů kosmického záření s použitím astronomických metod
Kotíková, Irena ; Prouza, Michael (advisor) ; Šmída, Radomír (referee)
This diploma thesis examines the possibilities of a new method of astronomical calibration at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina. Its goal is to use stars as objects with known brightness to calibrate the fluorescence detectors and compare these results with the existing calibration. The analysis was done using computer programs which use the star catalog and experimental background data to compare the current calibration with our method. Results that are presented conclude that the calibration using stars is consistent with the existing calibration, however, the error of the new method is much higher. Nevertheless, there is a good potential for scale - it could be used for all past and future data. Potential improvements to this method and its error are suggested.
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Analýza dlouhodobého vývoje jasu noční oblohy na Observatoři Pierre Augera
Podškubka, Radek ; Prouza, Michael (advisor) ; Trávníček, Petr (referee)
In this paper we compare night sky brightness at the Pierre Auger Observatory with the flux of the solar extreme UV radiation. The night sky brightness is measured for monitoring purposes during operation of fluorescence detectors. The data were processed several times under slightly different conditions that should exclude the impact of moonlight, artificial light pollution and cloudiness. If one does not consider the effects mentioned before, the main source of night sky brightness is an airglow. The goal is to show that night sky brightness correlates with the flux of solar extreme UV radiation, what will confirm that extreme UV radiation is the cause of the airglow origin.
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Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and Theirs Detection in Auger Project
Prouza, Michael
rigorozniprace. Michael Prouza: Kosmicke zdfeni extremne vysokych energii a jeho detekce v projektu A UGER Tato prace pfinasf pfehled principu pozorovam kosmickeho zafem s extremnevysokymi energiemi a popis designu a fungovam Observatore Pierra Augera (OPA). Specialni po- zornost je venovana fluorescencnfmu detektoru (FD) tohoto v soucasnosti nejvetsiho de- tektoru kosmickehosafem na svete, umi'steneho v argentinske pampe. Na zvlaste detailni urovni je diskutovano nekolik originalnich pffspevku autora teto prace: Zaprve, byl studovan vliv magnetickeho pole Galaxie na sifenf kosmickeho zafeni a byla provedena statisticka analyza prostoroveho rozlozeni ziskanych vysledku. 2adruhe, byl vyvinut specialni programovy kod, ktery umoznuje pozorovani s FD, kdyg je Mesic nad obzorem. Aplikace tohoto kodu vedla ke avyseni pozorovaciho casu FD o 20 %. Zatfeti, pozadova data z fluorescencniho detektoru byla vyuzita pro detailni analyzu pfesne ori- entace jednotlivych fluorescencnich teleskopu, coz je nezbytne pro pfesnou geometrickou rekonstrukci detekovanych sprsek kosmickeho zareni. 2actvrte, byl v Argentine v ramci OPA zkonstruovan roboticky fotometricky dalekohled FRAM. 2akladnfm ukolem FRAMu je sledovanf okamzite aerosolove extinkce, tento pnstroj se vsak venuje i pozorovani promennych hvezd a optickych...
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