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Antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and antiprotease effects of silver used for treatment of infected wounds
Pavlík, Vojtěch ; Arenbergerová, Monika (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Resl, Vladimír (referee)
Chronic wounds pose a socioeconomic problem and burden to patients worldwide. There are several causes of wound chronicity. One of the major issues of the non-healing state of a wound is its infection. Bacteria provoke a proinflammatory response, which disrupts the proper sequence of wound healing phases. Also, inflammation raises the production and activity of proteases. These enzymes digest the extracellular matrix, resulting in deceleration or hindrance of granulation tissue maturation. In addition to the inflammation-induced proteases, some bacterial species produce proteases that contribute to tissue degradation and increase bacterial virulence. Antiseptics are used to lower the bacterial burden in chronic wounds. Antiseptics act non-specifically, which may be their asset as well as drawback. They act as a double-edged sword. Antiseptics act on bacterial cells. However, host cells are caught in the crossfire as antiseptics may damage eukaryotic cells as well. The damage of eukaryotic cells complicates wound closure. Silver is probably the most used antiseptic to treat chronic wounds. Silver is also suspected of inducing nonspecific damage to eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic cells. This doctoral thesis is aimed at investigating the multitude of effects that silver may exhibit. We chose in vitro...
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Quality of life of children with atopic dermatitis and their families
Jiráková, Anna Aleksandra ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee)
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common childhood inflammatory skin diseases. As a chronic disease it can have a physical and psychological effect on the social functioning of the affected child as well as his family. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of children with AD and their families. A total of 636 children with the diagnosis of AD and naevi, aged from newborns to 18 years and 636 of their parents took part in our study. All participants, according to their age, completed the questionnaires: Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), Childrens' Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI)- text and cartoon version and Dermatitis Family Impact Questionnaire (DFI). We gained statistically significant differences in the mean scores between children with the diagnosis of AD and children with the diagnosis naevi. We also gained differences of mean scores in different age groups of patients with AD. The highest and statistically proven score was in the oldest group of children with AD (9,85) then in the group from 7 to 13 years (8,33) and the lowest in the group of children from newborns to 6 years (7,84). Question with the highest score in all age groups of children with AD was the question about: "itching and scratching". There was also proven an influence...
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Dermatological manifestations of infection by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Vaňousová, Daniela ; Třešňák Hercogová, Jana (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Sedláček, Dalibor (referee)
Lyme disease (LD) and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) are anthropozoonoses that occur in the same geographical areas and are transmitted to humans by the same species of ticks of the genus Ixodes. While the extracellular pathogen of LD, spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, and symptoms, course, diagnosis and treatment of the disease are well known, the HGA is one of the new and less known diseases. HGA is caused by an obligate intracellular bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum and the disease most often presents as a febrile illness accompanied by other nonspecific symptoms, including chills, fatigue, muscle pain, joint pain and headaches. An untreated infection can cause organ involvement, particularly of respiratory, gastrointestinal and the nervous system. Laboratory signs of infection include changes in the blood count - leucopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes. Among cases reported from North America , there is a higher portion of symptomatic and severe cases,, with some reported deaths. In Europe, the course of HGA tends to be mild or asymptomatic. The percentage of ticks containing anaplasma DNA in Europe is high, there is also a high prevalence of anaplasma antibodies in wild animals. Seroprevalence especially in the high-risk population in our country and in Europe is high....
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Cardiovascular risk factors for comorbidities in psoriatic patients usable in secondary prevention
Votrubová, Jana ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Šejda, Jan (referee)
Úvod: Psoriáza je chronické zánětlivé kožní onemocnění, které se vyskytuje cca u 2-5% populace. Je asociována s řadou komorbidit, které zhoršují kvalitu života psoriatiků a negativně ovlivňují jejich morbiditu a mortalitu. Dosud publikované studie ukazují na vyšší výskyt kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u pacientů s psoriázou, výsledky těchto studií jsou však velmi různorodé a závěry nejednotné. Proto jsme iniciovali studii, která si klade za cíl zjistit prevalenci rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u českých pacientů s psoriázou a definovat vhodný screenigový program k zajištění jejich sekundární prevence. Cíle: Vyšetření, vyhodnocení a porovnání prevalence jednotlivých rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních onemocnění (obvod pasu, krevní tlak, dyslipidémie, porucha glukózové tolerance) u případů a kontrol, porovnání prevalence časných stadií aterosklerózy pomocí sonografického měření šíře intima-medie na a.carotis communis vpravo a vlevo u pacientů s psoriázou a kontrolní skupinou. Na základě získaných výsledků sestavení souboru preventivních vyšetření vhodných k pravidelnému screeningu. Metodika: Projekt má design studie případů a kontrol. U každého subjektu byl vyšetřen: krevní tlak, glykémie, lipidogram, CRP, obvod pasu. Dále byl zaznamenáván věk, pohlaví, výška, váha, přítomnost...
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Healing og chronic wounds
Diamantová, Dominika ; Fikrle, Tomáš (advisor) ; Buček, Milan (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee)
In dermatology, as in many other fields of medicine, we often have to deal with wounds and their healing. In the submitted study that is based on research carried out in the Department of Dermatology of the Military Hospital in Olomouc, Czech Republic we want to explore healing of chronic wounds, which represent a serious medical, social and economic problem. We dealt with diagnosing, treatment and prevention of chronic wounds in connection with the application of the new wound dressing and various methods of treatment. The aim of this study is to summarize knowledge and experience gained with healing of chronic wounds, to draw the attention to the serious conditions of diabetic and neoplastic ulcerations as well as present new possibilities in the systemic therapy. We carried out clinical examination and laboratory testing of the bio-active dressing influence on the chronic wounds markers production (MMP-2, MMP-9 a TNF-α) and on wound-healing. In laboratory testing we followed the sandwich ELISA method; during the clinical examination we evaluated the wound and its surrounding, the pain, microbiological colonisation and the contentedness with the therapy in the patients' and in the doctors' evaluations. The dressing used positively influenced the character of the wound and its surrounding, its...
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Cardiovascular risk factors for comorbidities in psoriatic patients usable in secondary prevention
Votrubová, Jana ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Šejda, Jan (referee)
Úvod: Psoriáza je chronické zánětlivé kožní onemocnění, které se vyskytuje cca u 2-5% populace. Je asociována s řadou komorbidit, které zhoršují kvalitu života psoriatiků a negativně ovlivňují jejich morbiditu a mortalitu. Dosud publikované studie ukazují na vyšší výskyt kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u pacientů s psoriázou, výsledky těchto studií jsou však velmi různorodé a závěry nejednotné. Proto jsme iniciovali studii, která si klade za cíl zjistit prevalenci rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u českých pacientů s psoriázou a definovat vhodný screenigový program k zajištění jejich sekundární prevence. Cíle: Vyšetření, vyhodnocení a porovnání prevalence jednotlivých rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních onemocnění (obvod pasu, krevní tlak, dyslipidémie, porucha glukózové tolerance) u případů a kontrol, porovnání prevalence časných stadií aterosklerózy pomocí sonografického měření šíře intima-medie na a.carotis communis vpravo a vlevo u pacientů s psoriázou a kontrolní skupinou. Na základě získaných výsledků sestavení souboru preventivních vyšetření vhodných k pravidelnému screeningu. Metodika: Projekt má design studie případů a kontrol. U každého subjektu byl vyšetřen: krevní tlak, glykémie, lipidogram, CRP, obvod pasu. Dále byl zaznamenáván věk, pohlaví, výška, váha, přítomnost...
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Dermatological manifestations of infection by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Vaňousová, Daniela ; Třešňák Hercogová, Jana (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Sedláček, Dalibor (referee)
Lyme disease (LD) and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) are anthropozoonoses that occur in the same geographical areas and are transmitted to humans by the same species of ticks of the genus Ixodes. While the extracellular pathogen of LD, spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, and symptoms, course, diagnosis and treatment of the disease are well known, the HGA is one of the new and less known diseases. HGA is caused by an obligate intracellular bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum and the disease most often presents as a febrile illness accompanied by other nonspecific symptoms, including chills, fatigue, muscle pain, joint pain and headaches. An untreated infection can cause organ involvement, particularly of respiratory, gastrointestinal and the nervous system. Laboratory signs of infection include changes in the blood count - leucopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes. Among cases reported from North America , there is a higher portion of symptomatic and severe cases,, with some reported deaths. In Europe, the course of HGA tends to be mild or asymptomatic. The percentage of ticks containing anaplasma DNA in Europe is high, there is also a high prevalence of anaplasma antibodies in wild animals. Seroprevalence especially in the high-risk population in our country and in Europe is high....
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Healing og chronic wounds
Diamantová, Dominika ; Fikrle, Tomáš (advisor) ; Buček, Milan (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee)
In dermatology, as in many other fields of medicine, we often have to deal with wounds and their healing. In the submitted study that is based on research carried out in the Department of Dermatology of the Military Hospital in Olomouc, Czech Republic we want to explore healing of chronic wounds, which represent a serious medical, social and economic problem. We dealt with diagnosing, treatment and prevention of chronic wounds in connection with the application of the new wound dressing and various methods of treatment. The aim of this study is to summarize knowledge and experience gained with healing of chronic wounds, to draw the attention to the serious conditions of diabetic and neoplastic ulcerations as well as present new possibilities in the systemic therapy. We carried out clinical examination and laboratory testing of the bio-active dressing influence on the chronic wounds markers production (MMP-2, MMP-9 a TNF-α) and on wound-healing. In laboratory testing we followed the sandwich ELISA method; during the clinical examination we evaluated the wound and its surrounding, the pain, microbiological colonisation and the contentedness with the therapy in the patients' and in the doctors' evaluations. The dressing used positively influenced the character of the wound and its surrounding, its...
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