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Neonatal birth injury and therapy
Fenclová, Eva ; Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Nejmanová, Iveta (referee)
Background: The basis for the prevention of birth injuries is the knowledge of their etiopathogenesis and the mechanism of labor. If birth trauma occurs, it is important to take a proper care of the injured newborn after birth. The aim of this work is to create a set of information about birth injuries, their causes and possible therapy. Main findings: Birth injuries arise as a result of the risk course of childbirth, but they can also arise as a result of risk factors on the part of the mother or fetus. Most of these traumas do not require any therapy because they heal spontaneously, but some require surgical treatment. Conclusions: Information was sought on birth injuries, childbirth, its mechanism, newborns and its care. The literature search for the topic of birth traumas was focused on the causes, incidence, manifestations, consequences and treatment. Information was obtained from both Czech and foreign sources. Keywords: newborn, labor, birth injury, asphyxia, surgical delivery
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Pathophysiology and therapy of hypercholesterolemia
Blaťáková, Martina ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Nejmanová, Iveta (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Title of Diploma Thesis: Pathophysiology and therapy of hypercholesterolemia Author: Martina Blaťáková Supervisor of Diploma Thesis: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Background: The aim of this diploma thesis was to describe the origin and pathophysiology of cholesterol metabolism and to summarize the findings concerning the current pharmacotherapy of hypercholesterolemia. Main findings: High cholesterol bothers most of the adult population. Hypercholesterolemia is the major risk factor for atherosclerosis. If it is not treated it is considered to be a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. For instance, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris and stroke. In addition to genetically acquired dyslipidemias, some diseases and drugs can increase cholesterol levels. It is important to warn patients first and foremost about following the given regime and dietary measures. If these measures don't work, pharmacotherapy is indicated, which is currently at a high level, and there are enough drugs that lower the cholesterol. Conclusions: At present, we still have new substances available that, in combination with already established pharmacotherapy (statins, fibrates, ezetimibe), should lower...
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Mental health problems during pregnancy and in the postpartum period
Bezdíčková, Kristýna ; Nejmanová, Iveta (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author of bachelor thesis: Kristýna Bezdíčková Supervisor of bachelor thesis: PharmDr. Iveta Nejmanova, Ph.D. Title of bachelor thesis: Mental health problems during pregnancy and in the postpartum period Background: The aim of this work is to unify the knowledge about the difficulty of pregnancy and the puerperium. I would like to point out how pregnancy can affect the woman's psyche. In my work I will deal with individual mental problems, their etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Main findings: This work deals with the issue of pregnancy and puerperium. In the introductory part I focus on the woman's psyche in the early stage of pregnancy, her possible fears that may lead to mental health problems later. I would also like to draw attention to the effect of steroid hormones in this period. This is followed by a general section of etiology, treatment and prevention. In the second half of the work are discussed more or less serious changes in the psyche. Conclusions: Mental disorders can have a serious impact on a mother's life and child's development. Their early diagnosis and possible treatment are important. Key words: puerperium, baby blues, anxiety, insomnia, depression,...
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Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease
Koťátková, Hana ; Nejmanová, Iveta (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Hana Koťátková Supervisor: PharmDr. Iveta Nejmanova, Ph.D. Form: Bachelor thesis Field of study: Medical Bioanalytics Title: Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's diseases The aim of the work: The aim is to clearly write current and developed diagnostic and treatment procedures for Parkinson's disease. The retrieved and collected information is analyzed and summarized. Main goals: The topic of this bachelor thesis is Parkinson's disease, especially its diagnosis and therapy. The introductory chapters deal with Parkinsonism, the epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's diseases, as well as the clinical symptoms. Diagnosis and therapy occupy the largest part of this bachelor thesis. Clinical diagnostics no longer focuses only on motor symptoms, but also includes non-motor ones. Various diagnostic criteria, scales and tests that are currently used will be mentioned. This bachelor thesis also includes a chapter on biomarkers of Parkinson's disease, because there is great potential. The chapters about therapy mention current pharmacotherapies, their development, neurosurgical treatment and the effects of immunotherapy and gene therapy. Conclusion: From the...
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Diagnosis and treatment of glomerulonephritis in children
Šejvlová, Barbora ; Nejmanová, Iveta (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Barbora Šejvlová Leader: PharmDr. Iveta Nejmanová, Ph.D Form: Bachelor thesis Field of study: Medical Laboratory Technician Title: Diagnosis and treatment of glomerulonephritis in children Aim of the work: The aim of this theses is to present current examination methods for kidney disease and to describe in more detail the types of glomerulonephritis. A part of the work is also a case report of teenage girl who suffered from glomerulonephritis. Main findings: The thesis is divided into 5 parts. The first part contains information about the anatomy of the kidneys, the physiology of the kidneys and inflammatory diseases of the kidneys. The second part deals with all possible examination methods in nephrology. The chapter describes the examination of urine, which is further divided into the technique of sample acquisition, diuresis, techniques of sample examination, proteinuria and hematuria. In this chapter we will focus on ultrasonography, immunology and renal biopsy too. In the third part we will get acquainted with acute glomerulonephritis. We will discuss rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis in the fourth part. The last chapter is devoted to chronic glomerulonephritis....
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Soluble endoglin effects on membrane endoglin signaling in mouse aorta.
Doležálková, Petra ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Nejmanová, Iveta (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Petra Doležálková Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Diploma Thesis Soluble endoglin effects on membrane endoglin signaling in mouse aorta. Background: The aim of this study was to observe and evaluate the influence of the long- term (12 months) effect of high levels of soluble endoglin on membrane endoglin signalization in the mouse aorta. Specifically, we observed and compared the expression of proteins endoglin, eNOS, and pSmad2/3 in control and a test Sol-Eng+ group of mice. Methods: Two groups of 12-months-old mice with a difference in the level of soluble endoglin were used in this study. Both groups were originated in the same line of transgenic mouse strain CBAxC57BL/6J and fed with ordinary laboratory diet. Western blot technique was used to analyse the expression of individual proteins endoglin, eNOS, and pSmad2/3. The concentration of human soluble endoglin and soluble form of VCAM-1 molecule was evaluated by ELISA analysis. Total cholesterol levels and triglycerides in the plasma were detected by biochemical analysis. Results: Western Blot analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the expression of the membrane endoglin, eNOS enzyme and pSmad2/3...
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Effect of long-term exposure to soluble endoglin on the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells
Tuschlová, Dominika ; Nejmanová, Iveta (advisor) ; Vicen, Matej (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Title of Diploma Thesis: Effect of long-term exposure to soluble endoglin on the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells Author of Diploma Thesis: Dominika Tuschlová Supervisor of Diploma Thesis: PharmDr. Iveta Najmanová, Ph.D. Background: The aim of this thesis was to find out the effect of long-term exposure to soluble endoglin (sEng) on the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, P-selectin). We have worked with a control and experimental group of mice on a standard diet, with different levels of sEng. Methods: Genetically modified female mice from the CBAxC57BL/6J strain with high production of human sEng were used for analysis. These mice formed an experimental group, while mice with a low level of sEng formed a control group. They were 12 months old females. We used biochemical analysis to determine the level of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols (TAG). Levels of sVCAM-1 markers in all mice studied were determined by ELISA. The expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and P-selectin was monitored and evaluated by Western blotting, where the structural protein GAPDH was used as a control. Results: Biochemical analysis did not show a...
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