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Actual economic position of USA and prediction to the future
Vlčková, Milada ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyse the actual state of the U.S. economy (from the viewpoint of some basic economic indicators). Then I tried to predict a future trend of indicators in the next couple of years. By using statistical data, found at the websites of international organizations ( OECD,IMF etc.), I attempted to estimate the actual position of the U.S economy in the context of phase of economic cycle. Working with coincident, leading and lagging indicators, I was searching for the changes and fluctuations in economic situation. All the indicators I compared with actual real gross domestic product. With the respect for rational economic interpretation, I predicted the tendencies in the economy of the U.S in future time period. For modelling the future situation I used an econometric program GiveWin. Finally I tried to estimate the lenght of the period, in which the indicators will return to their long-term equilibrium.
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Imigrace a populační vývoj v ČR
Línová, Veronika ; Kadeřábková, Klára (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou imigrace a cizinců v České republice především v souvislosti s budoucím českým populačním vývojem. Teoretická část práce je věnována migraci obecně, rozhodování o migraci a pracovní migraci. Analytická část je zaměřena na imigraci a příchod cizinců do České republiky. Vzhledem k propojenosti demografických hledisek s ekonomickým životem je součástí práce projekce budoucího populačního vývoje, která poskytne ilustraci budoucí dostupnosti lidských zdrojů práce. Práce podává ilustraci přínosu cizinců v podobě nových lidských zdrojů pro českou ekonomiku a český trh práce.
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Trade unions and collective bargaining
Pavlíková, Gabriela ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
Trade union movement is a part of modern society; it has participated in its forming and still has considerable influence. Trade unions have gone through difficult development and their membership has been diminishing lately, what can be explained especially by demographical influences, restructuralization of industry and growing tendency of population to solve important problems by themselves. Unions are respected partner in the process of collective bargaining and how the findings from the union contracts and the information sent by the trade unionists show, they are very powerful players in many areas. Although the information about modern bargaining models hasn't been recognized yet, trade unionists act pragmatically, target especially the question of wages and other benefits and rely upon the bargaining abilities of their leaders. Trade unions offer a great level of protection to all their members and other employees, but their activities have significant negative effects. They monopolize the work supply and hence cause rigidity of wages and structural unemployment, they support privileged groups of workers and these compelled benefits then reflect in the prices of products and services. Its activities thus inhibit efficient allocation of workforce and induce significant social consequences. Faced with international competition, Europe has to make an important decision about the level of sociability in the market system, what can be in near future influenced by deeper understanding of the necessity of changes. To that can contribute information from economic background and in longer horizon probably also the new generation with looser approach to solidarity.
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Human capital; financial lucrativeness of the tertiary education
Poláková, Jaroslava ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
This baccalaureate thesis deals with the importance of tertiary education as a part of Human Capital Theory. First part of the work is concerned with theoretical approach of The Chicago School of Economics, describes investment in human capital and methods of evaluation returns of the investement from the individual point of view. The second part examines financial rate of return on investment in university studies in the Czech Republic measured by internal rate of return and net present value for public and private university student.
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Dopady migrace na ekonomiky zemí dovážející a vyvážející pracovní sílu
Trš, Lukáš ; Kadeřábková, Klára (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
Obsahem práce je téma migrace a její dopad na ekonomické a sociální prostředí. Na problematiku je nahlíženo z pozice země dovážející pracovní sílu stejně jako vyvážející. Pozorovány jsou změny v uplynulých letech spolu s aktuálními trendy pohybů obyvatel a incentivy pro ně. Hodnoceny budou ekonomické a socioekonomické následky i příčiny pohybu pracujících. To znamená především doložit, komu všemu a jak migrace pomáhá, zda někomu škodí, význam vazeb emigrantů na domovskou zemi, vlivy asimilace a to z pohledu kvalifikovaných i nekvalifikovaných pracovníků. Součástí je i prokázání či vyvrácení mýtů, které v souvislosti s migrací panují. Práce by měla pomoci zodpovědět otázku, zda má smysl obklopit zemi branami a nevpouštět cizince dovnitř, či naopak proměnit hranice ve formální linii a umožnit volný pohyb obyvatel.
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Education as A Publicly Provided Private Good
Nečasová, Romana ; Heřmanský, Pavel (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
This paper explores the relationship between education and public sector. It examines broadly accepted notion that education is a legitimate and necessary function of the state. The notion is often based upon these reasons: an educated individual brings whole society a positive externality; the market will not provide equal opportunities; and education is a good which should be consumed by everyone. The study hence examines whether the market really fails in this area and whether the state provision is the best solution. Education is a politically sensitive topic, thus there exists social approach besides the economic one. Using historical line of a Czech school system, this paper shows how was the social approach formed and how it looks like today. It is concluded that public education is not the ideal form and possible solutions are propounded.
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Analysis of influence of emploeyees on compensation system. Why is reality different from conclusions of neoclassical economy of labour market?
Michailidis, Dimitrios ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
In my thesis, I analyze the influence of employees on the compensation system. I investigate, why this system is in reality different from neoclassical theory of compensation. In the first part of my thesis I take a little journey into history and I show the most important principles in compensating workers. In the second part I am discovering the differences between theory and real life. I based my arguments on assumption, that every employee, every person is unique, has its own goals and preferences. The compensation system is trying to react to them in both ways, in the positive way, that the employees want specific thing or in the negative way that it needs to make them do, what they hired to do. That means to motivate them properly. On the bases of the second part I analyzed the system of compensation in real company, in Philips CZ Ltd. This I divided into two parts: the actual analysis of the system and the questionnaire, in which I asked the employees twelve questions about their job terms and preferences. The goal of this part is to validate individual assertions from the second part of the thesis.
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Residence property prices in the Czech Republic
Malenová, Barbora ; Heřmanský, Pavel (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
Tato práce se zabývá vývojem trhu rezidenčních nemovitostí v České republice. Zaměřuje se na výskyt cenových bublin na trzích aktiv a jejich souvislost s hospodářským cyklem z pohledu rakouské školy. Vysvětluje rovněž alternativní přístup, jímž je aplikace kvantitativní teorie peněz na trh rezidenčních nemovitostí. Na základě získaných poznatků a analýzy vývoje cen je zhodnocena opodstatněnost obav z cenové bubliny na trhu rezidenčních nemovitostí v ČR.
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