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Mineral waters of "Mariánské Lázně" and their use in balneology and in human health care
Hanzlíková, Veronika ; Matula, Svatopluk (advisor) ; Miháliková, Markéta (referee)
The town Mariánské Lázně is known as a spa town belonging to the so called West Bohemian Spa Triangle together with Karlovy Vary and Františkovy lázně, where they occupy the youngest place. The town became famous especially with mineral springs, with their amounts, where on the small territory of the town Mariánské Lázně rises about forty springs and in the close surroundings is their amount given to a hundred, primarily with composition of carbonic Seltzer water. Mineral springs are known here for its diverse composition, which are alleged to find in other spa towns of the Czech Republic and they are considered to be so called balneologic unique.
Mineral springs are waters with dissolved minerals, coming from local rocks such as granite, gneiss and amphibolite, then coming from various compounds. They are gas-charged with carbon dioxide, thanks to it are they called as a Seltzer water. On the presence of carbon dioxide affects Mariánskolázeňský zlom, bounding Tepelská vrchovina. Mineral springs of Mariánské Lázně are gas-charged from 2,5 to 3 g/l. Their mineralization is a medium to very strong, moving in large span from 3000 mg/l to 11 570 mg/l. From the viewpoint of temperature, it is about cold mineral waters with their temperature of 6 °C to 10 °C.
The cure with mineral springs has been known since 18th Century, when the then doctors were analyzing and researching on individuals their therapeutic effects. The most important doctor, who treated patients with mineral springs as a first person and also had appropriately positive results, was MUDr. Jan Josef Nehr, whose personality is very popular for the town.
The spa treatment, or balneotherapy has its own meaning till today. In Mariánské Lázně, it is used external and internal balneology, whose best known procedures are especially drinking water treatment, then mineral baths, body wrap, subcutaneous application of spring gas, or inhalation. Doctor always prescribe treatment, with respect to patients´s health condition. Primary diseases, which are in Mariánské Lázně treated is illness of digestive tract, then illness of kidneys or airways. Balneotherapy is treatment combining mutually spa procedures, where climate of spa environment performs important role too.
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