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Removal of different species of phytoplankton by dissolved air flotation
Sukopová, Martina ; Mega, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The work evaluates the efficiency of dissolved air flotation (DAF) in removal of various kinds of phytoplankton. As absolutely necessary in the process of water treatment proved the agglomeration phase, or coagulation and floculation. This phase neutralizes the particles so that they can fasten air bubbles. The efficiency of this process depends on several variables, though: the kind of coagulant used, dose, coagulation pH, duration of floculation and its intensity, recycle ratio and the polymer use in coagulation. The particle size volume distribution and the volume of organic matter in raw water also have certain influence on phytoplankton removal. Dissolved air flotation is currently the most suitable method of phytoplankton removal. It can remove 93-98 % of blue-green algae and even 99-99.9 % of algae. The efficiency of flotation was also compared to sedimentation for the economic reason. In the process of water treatment, the sedimentation is now being replaced by flotation.
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Application of trihalomethane formation potential for evaluation of drinking water treatment efficiency
Halešová, Barbora ; Mergl, Václav (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
The main theme of this thesis is the usage of the test investigating the formation potential of trihalogenmethanes (THM FP) and its comparison with conventional indicators of water quality (CODMn, A254 and colours). As for the experimental part of the thesis, rating of the effectiveness of selected technological procedures has been applied (e.g.: coagulation, adsorption and ozonation in the act of treatment of artificially prepared water model with a higher content of humic substances in laboratory conditions). Based on the obtained results, it was found that the common indicators of water quality have very similar attributes and also complete each other. On the contrary, those attributes of indicators may not be sufficient in case of the evaluation of water quality with high content of humic substances. The findings made illustrate that the THM FP test enables the accurate evaluation of water quality, especially in connection with the content of an organic material susceptible to chemical changes. THM formation potential has proved its high value and also has confirmed that it can appropriately complete the other standarts that are being used for assessing the quality of treated water up to nowadays.
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Survey of kinetics of spontaneous ozone decay in water
Fendrych, Adam ; Mergl, Václav (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
In the general part of this diploma thesis are presented technical information collected on the issue of spontaneous decay of ozone in water solution and problems with analytical monitoring of these processes. Particular attention is paid to influence of pH value, bicarbonate and peroxide concentration on ozone decay kinetics. Experimental part is focused on the use of spectrophotometry in the study of chemical reactions associated with the spontaneous decay of ozone in distilled and tap water depending on pH and temperature after saturating of water by ozone prepared from air and pure oxygen. Direct photometry in UV range of spectrum (at 260 nm) was used to monitoring of ozone decomposition kinetics.
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Spontaneous decay of ozone dissolved in water
Fendrych, Adam ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
In this paper there are scientific information collected on ozone dissolution in water, its spontaneous decay in water solution and problems with analytical monitoring of these processes. Particular attention is given to impact of water properties (particularly pH value and bicarbonate concentration) on upper mentioned processes, feed gas selection, ozone generator parameters and ozone/water contacting systems.
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Adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) on granular activated carbon in the treatment of drinking water
Le Duc, Duy ; Mega, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
In the first part of this thesis the methodic of lab trial was studied, which will be useful for studying adsorption of natural organic matter by activated carbon. As an optimal method of testing adsorption characters jar testing was chosen. Again as an indicator of organic contamination, it was decided to use permanganate chemical oxygen demand (in Czech CHSKMn) will be used. In the second part of this thesis the adsorption characters of eight types of granular activated carbon were studied. Those granular activated carbon came from two world produces, from company NORIT five type of granular activated carbon were tested: NORIT GAC 1020, NORIT PK 1-3, NORIT GAC 1240, NORIT ROW 0.8 SUPRA a TOD NORIT ROX 0.8 and from company Chemviron Carbon three types of granular activated carbon were tested: F100 FE11120A, F400 FE11210A a TL830 FE2028B. Batch kinetic tests of natural organic matter adsorption were conducted with all types of granular activated carbon at first. For description of sorption not only the batch kinetic tests and duration needed for setting equilibrium were observed, but also the process decreasing of concentration of natural organic matters to the value of equilibrium concentration known as adsorption equilibrium was followed.
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Drinking water treatment plant Koryčany - used technology and their changes from the actuation to nowadays
Konečná, Veronika ; Mergl, Václav (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis describes the problems of drinking water treatment with regard to specific technology used at Koryčany drinking water treatment plant which covers about 13 per cent of drinking water production in Hodonín district and supplies about 20 thousand people. Technology used at Koryčany drinking water treatment plant and their changes over the years of its existence (from 1959 when the original project was developed until nowadays) were depicted using archives and other available sources. The drinking water treatment plant was designed originally as four-stage (partial decarbonization, clarification, filtration, dechlorination). Decarbonization was left out before completion and dechlorination was skipped during reconstruction in 1971. Since then there were two more reconstructions (in 1991-1993 and 1998-1999) but the technology remained two-stage (clarification, filtration) so far.
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