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Dual effect of mesenchymal stem cells on cancer: its suppression or progression?
Matsakyanová, Victoria ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (advisor) ; Dibus, Michal (referee)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic cells, capable of differentiation into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic cell types and can be isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue or umbilical cord. Due to their differentiation, trophic and immunomodulatory properties, and also their ability to migrate spontaneously to the site of inflammation, damaged tissue or tumor microenvironment, MSCs bring a great potential to become not only a tool to support tissue repair and regeneration, but also for anticancer therapy. Their potential can be also supported by genetic manipulations, which may enhance their antitumor effect. However, in the context of tumor growth, the effect of MSCs in not so clear. While in some cases, MSCs play antitumorigenic role, in other cases they contribute to the development of tumor growth. This dual effect of MSCs on tumor growth is the result of many factors, which modulate the interaction between MSCs and tumor cells. This thesis summarizes the current knowledge of the dual effect of MSC on tumor cells and demonstrates the most promising factors that play the role in the dual effect of MSC. Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, cancer, tumor tropism, cancer suppression, cancer progression
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