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Comparison of Hungarian and Czech folk customs related to holidays
Jedlík, Evelin ; Kolmanová, Simona (advisor) ; Mészáros, Andor (referee)
The presented thesis compares Czech and Hungarian annual customs. The work focuses on those annual holidays that still have a great influence on the culture of both countries. Both Czech and Hungarian traditions have changed and transformed over the years, and that is one of the reasons why individual customs and traditions are different in the given territorial regions. The thesis provides an insight into these customs, while pointing out the specifics of the given annual holidays in Hungary and the Czech Republic. In the case of Hungarian customs, the work is concentrated on the territory of Hungary, which in some cases is extended by the territory of neighboring states inhabited by the Hungarian population. The work is divided according to the seasons.
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Hungarian shamanism and its elements in Hungarian folk tales
Adamovský, Vít ; Kolmanová, Simona (advisor) ; Mészáros, Andor (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis maps the phenomenon of Hungarian shamanism and then analyzes its elements in Hungarian folk tales. According to ethnographers of the 19th and 20th centuries, the ancient tradition of shamanism reached the territory of the former Hungary from the Siberian region, where the Hungarian ethnic group comes from. The central figure of the reconstructed Hungarian shamanism is considered to be the táltos, who, following the example of Siberian shamans, was to play the role of a healer, seer, spiritual leader, and a mediator between the human world, heaven, and the underworld in the society of that time. However, this concept is criticized by contemporary ethnographers, and the presence of a relic of Siberian shamanism in Europe is questioned. Nevertheless, these ideas occupy a firm place in Hungarian culture and mythology. The first chapter thematizes Siberian shamanism, which, unlike the Hungarian one, is documented in detail. The second part of my research describes a journey of the Hungarian ethnic group from the Finno-Ugric homeland, which is followed by a chapter devoted to problematic Hungarian shamanism of which fragments have been preserved in the folk culture, more precisely oral folk literature. The practical part of this bachelor thesis is based on the...
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