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Novel perfluorinated compounds in the environment
Leifertová, Karolína ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Innemanová, Petra (referee)
Perfluorinated compounds are a broad class of manmade chemicals. Even though they have been linked to hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity, the mechanism of toxicity still remains unclear. Only recently, two compounds (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid) have been phased out. This has led to a production of so-called "novel perfluorinated compounds". This work focuses on the evaluation of toxicity for 4 perfluorinated compounds, including the novel perfluorinated compounds (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid PFOS, perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid GenX, and hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid HFPO-TA). Gonadal and liver cell lines of rainbow trout were used for testing. Relevant toxicity tests were performed, such as viability tests (carboxyfluorescein diacetate, alamar blue and neutral red uptake), cytochrome P450 1A activation (ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase, EROD) and measurements of reactive oxygen species generation (2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate). HFPO- TA dramatically reduced viability and resulted in a statistically significant increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species. GenX caused an increase in EROD activity, but no effect on viability or reactive oxygen species formation was observed. The...
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Toxicity of perfluorinated hydrocarbons
Leifertová, Karolína ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Innemanová, Petra (referee)
Perfluorinated hydrocarbons are manmade chemicals used to make fluoropolymer coatings and products resistant to stains, oil, heat and water. Perfluorinated compounds such as perfluorooctane acid (PFOA) perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been recognized as emerging environmental pollutants due to their persistance and ubiquity in the environment, biota and also humans. This paper focuses on toxicity of perfluorinated hydrocarbons, mainly PFOS and PFOA. A special attention is given to mechanism of toxicity of perfluorinated compounds, which have not yet been fully elucidated. Further studies should be performed to reveal the environmental risk assessment and mechanism of toxicity of perfluorinated compounds.
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