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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: long-term patency in patients with hypercoagulation disorder
Renc, Ondřej ; Krajina, Antonín (advisor) ; Válek, Vlastimil (referee) ; Lata, Jan (referee)
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: long-term patency in patients with hypercoagulation disorder Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and long-term patency of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in patients with hepatic vein thrombosis due to hypercoagulation disorder. Material and method: In years 1992 - 2011, totally 38 patients with hepatic vein thrombosis resistant to medical therapy underwent TIPS creation in our department. We treated 9 males and 29 females, age 13 - 76 years (median 33 years), 6 patients were children. The underlying thrombophilic state was confirmed in 84,2 % of treated patients. The Budd-Chiari syndrome was acute in 6, subacute in 18 and chronic in 14 cases. Ascites was indication for TIPS in 31 patients, liver failure in 5 and gastrointestinal bleeding in 2 persons. All the procedures were performed in analgosedation or under general anestesia using standard technique. In 17 patients, we implanted non-covered stent or combination of non-covered and covered stents during TIPS creation, in the other 21 patients only the TIPS dedicated covered stents had been used. TIPS patency during follow-up after the procedure was based on regular ultrasonographic, clinical and laboratory examinations. In case of shunt dysfunction, a reintervention was...
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Disorders of iron metabolism in skin and chronic liver diseases
Krátká, Karolína ; Horák, Jiří (advisor) ; Ehrmann, Jiří (referee) ; Lata, Jan (referee) ; Martásek, Pavel (referee)
Iron is one of the important biogenic trace elements and its role in the mammalian body is indispensable. In nature there is another element with similar characteristics. Iron is part of a series of compounds that provide key functions such as cellular respiration and oxygen transport to tissues. It is also important for cell proliferation and differentiation, the regulation of gene expression and applies also in the immune system. Given that the effects of iron accumulation in genetic hemochromatosis have been investigated in detail, in recent years, increasing attention and concern about the consequences of iron accumulation also in other diseases. Because the results of previous studies are inconclusive and often mutually contradictory, the aim of this work to analyze and clarify the relationship between HFE gene mutations and iron metabolism in the pathogenesis and progression of some skin and chronic liver disease among genetic hemochromatosis.
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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: long-term patency in patients with hypercoagulation disorder
Renc, Ondřej ; Krajina, Antonín (advisor) ; Válek, Vlastimil (referee) ; Lata, Jan (referee)
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: long-term patency in patients with hypercoagulation disorder Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and long-term patency of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in patients with hepatic vein thrombosis due to hypercoagulation disorder. Material and method: In years 1992 - 2011, totally 38 patients with hepatic vein thrombosis resistant to medical therapy underwent TIPS creation in our department. We treated 9 males and 29 females, age 13 - 76 years (median 33 years), 6 patients were children. The underlying thrombophilic state was confirmed in 84,2 % of treated patients. The Budd-Chiari syndrome was acute in 6, subacute in 18 and chronic in 14 cases. Ascites was indication for TIPS in 31 patients, liver failure in 5 and gastrointestinal bleeding in 2 persons. All the procedures were performed in analgosedation or under general anestesia using standard technique. In 17 patients, we implanted non-covered stent or combination of non-covered and covered stents during TIPS creation, in the other 21 patients only the TIPS dedicated covered stents had been used. TIPS patency during follow-up after the procedure was based on regular ultrasonographic, clinical and laboratory examinations. In case of shunt dysfunction, a reintervention was...
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Large intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal neoplasia
Kohoutová, Darina ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Dítě, Petr (referee) ; Lata, Jan (referee)
Large intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal neoplasia Sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represent an immense problem wordlwide. Precise definition of all the potential contributors to the pathogenesis of CRC and IBD remain a challenge. Large intestinal microbiota play an extremely important role. Investigation of serum anti-porin antibodies (aimed at porin C in the cell wall of E. coli) belonged to the objectives in the first part of our work. We have confirmed, that pacients with IBD and patients with CRC had increased levels of anti-porin antibodies. Bacteriocinogeny and investigation of E. coli genotypes belonged to the aims in the second part of our work. Bacteriocins are small proteins produced by bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae family and are characterised by its antibacterial, antineoplastic, probiotic and proapoptotic effect. We have confirmed higher bacteriocinogeny and presence of more virulent strains of E. coli in patients with advanced colorectal adenoma and colorectal carcinoma. All these results confirm contribution of large intestinal microbiota to the development of colorectal pathologies.
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Wireless Capsule Endoscopy in Experimental and Clinical Diagnostics of Enteropathy Induced by Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Tachecí, Ilja ; Kopáčová, Marcela (advisor) ; Lata, Jan (referee) ; Zavoral, Miroslav (referee)
Introduction Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced enteropathy represents an important complication related to one of the most commonly used drugs worldwide. The prevalence has been underestimated for a long time due to previous diagnostic difficulties. Objective The main goal of our project was to evaluate the basic characteristics of NSAID- induced enteropathy as well as the benefit of capsule endoscopy in its diagnostics. Methods and results In the first, experimental, part of the dissertation, we elaborated methodology of capsule endoscopy in an experimental animal and checked it on 7 healthy pigs. Although normal enteroscopy pictures were found in all the animals, some limitations were identified. The markedly worse visibility of the small bowel mucosa, and incomplete evaluation were the main ones. A model of NSAID-induced enteropathy (using a 10-day per oral indomethacin administration - 400 mg/day) was projected and verified in 8 healthy pigs consecutively. The endoscopy findings were confirmed by means of autopsy. We revealed the presence of small intestinal mucosal lesions on capsule endoscopy in the majority of the experimental pigs (87.5%). The most frequent findings were mild mucosal injury (red spots and erosions) in 6/8 animals. These findings were confirmed in 50.0% at...
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Disorders of iron metabolism in skin and chronic liver diseases
Krátká, Karolína ; Horák, Jiří (advisor) ; Ehrmann, Jiří (referee) ; Lata, Jan (referee) ; Martásek, Pavel (referee)
Iron is one of the important biogenic trace elements and its role in the mammalian body is indispensable. In nature there is another element with similar characteristics. Iron is part of a series of compounds that provide key functions such as cellular respiration and oxygen transport to tissues. It is also important for cell proliferation and differentiation, the regulation of gene expression and applies also in the immune system. Given that the effects of iron accumulation in genetic hemochromatosis have been investigated in detail, in recent years, increasing attention and concern about the consequences of iron accumulation also in other diseases. Because the results of previous studies are inconclusive and often mutually contradictory, the aim of this work to analyze and clarify the relationship between HFE gene mutations and iron metabolism in the pathogenesis and progression of some skin and chronic liver disease among genetic hemochromatosis.
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