|
|
Thyroid disorders in pregnancy - immunoendocrinological and metabolic aspects
Vítková, Hana ; Jiskra, Jan (advisor) ; Kosák, Mikuláš (referee) ; Posová, Helena (referee)
Background: The immunological, hormonal and metabolic changes occur during pregnancy and increase the risk of developing some diseases. The aims of this study were: to compare serum concentrations of antibodies against C1q component of complement (anti-C1q) and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and healthy pregnant women and to compare urinary iodine concentration (UIC), neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and other thyroid laboratory parameters in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy pregnant women. Patients and methods: The "anti-C1q" study included 96 pregnant women with AITD and three control groups: 80 healthy pregnant women, 72 non-pregnant women with AITD and 72 healthy blood donors. The "MBL" study included 212 pregnant women with AITD and 80 healthy pregnant women, and the "urinary iodine concentration" study included 195 pregnant women with GDM and 88 healthy pregnant women. Anti-C1q and MBL concentrations were measured by ELISA, UIC by absorption spectrophotometry after previous alkaline demineralization, and other parameters by standard immunoassay. Results: The anti-C1q and MBL serum concentrations were higher in pregnant women with AITD compared to controls. The anti-C1q concentrations were...
|
|
|
Impairment of hypothalamo-pituitary function and its evaluation in various pathologic situations.
Kosák, Mikuláš ; Hána, Václav (advisor) ; Čáp, Jan (referee) ; Fryšák, Zdeněk (referee)
Traumatic brain injury represents serious medical problem. Besides various types of complications, endocrine dysfunction of hypothalmo-pituitary units can occur. Aim of our work was to determine whether chronic subdural haematoma, as specific type of traumatic brain injury, is associated with a risk of developing hypopituitarism as well. In a prospective study, pituitary functions in a cohort of 49 patients after surgery for chronic subdural haematoma, were evaluated. Patients were tested for hormonal deficits including dynamic tests, soon after surgery, in 3 and 12 months thereafter. 10 patients were tested retrospectively 12 months after surgery. Gonadotropic axis was impaired in 9 patients (25,7 %) in acute phase and reamained impaired in 3 (12 %) after 12 months. Growth hormone deficiency was present in 23 (46,9 %) patients during the acute phase and in 15 (46,9 %) patients in evaluation 12 months after the surgery. Serious hormonal deficiencies due to impairment of the most important axes (HPA a thyrotropic) were not proved in our patients. The second part of this work is devoted to the novel methods in diagnostic assesement of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Aim of our work was to evaluate and compare reliability of cortisol measurements in serum and saliva simultaneously during the...
|
|
|
Food intolerance- facts and myths
Ptáčková, Zuzana ; Piecha, Roman (advisor) ; Kosák, Mikuláš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the facts and myths about two kinds of food intolerance: celiac disease and lactose intolerance. The thesis consists of a practical and a theoretical part. The theoretical part is further divided into three sections. The first one focuses on celiac disease and describes gluten, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms of the disease, diagnostics, dietary solutions, celiac disease screening, other similar diseases and also a comparison of allergy to gluten and sensitivity to gluten as these are commonly confused. The second section focuses on lactose intolerance and describes lactase, epidemiology, etiology, symptoms, complications, diagnostics and treatment. This section also focuses on milk allergy, which is often mistaken with lactose intolerance. The third section focuses mainly on the facts and myths and contains tables showing the differences between celiac disease, lactose intolerance and milk intolerance. The most common myths about celiac disease, gluten, gluten-free diet and milk are also mentioned. The goal of the practical part of this thesis was to examine a group of patients suffering from celiac disease and make a comparison of the acquired data with the existing literature. For example, this thesis focuses on the frequency of the symptoms,...
|
|
|
Impairment of hypothalamo-pituitary function and its evaluation in various pathologic situations.
Kosák, Mikuláš ; Hána, Václav (advisor) ; Čáp, Jan (referee) ; Fryšák, Zdeněk (referee)
Traumatic brain injury represents serious medical problem. Besides various types of complications, endocrine dysfunction of hypothalmo-pituitary units can occur. Aim of our work was to determine whether chronic subdural haematoma, as specific type of traumatic brain injury, is associated with a risk of developing hypopituitarism as well. In a prospective study, pituitary functions in a cohort of 49 patients after surgery for chronic subdural haematoma, were evaluated. Patients were tested for hormonal deficits including dynamic tests, soon after surgery, in 3 and 12 months thereafter. 10 patients were tested retrospectively 12 months after surgery. Gonadotropic axis was impaired in 9 patients (25,7 %) in acute phase and reamained impaired in 3 (12 %) after 12 months. Growth hormone deficiency was present in 23 (46,9 %) patients during the acute phase and in 15 (46,9 %) patients in evaluation 12 months after the surgery. Serious hormonal deficiencies due to impairment of the most important axes (HPA a thyrotropic) were not proved in our patients. The second part of this work is devoted to the novel methods in diagnostic assesement of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Aim of our work was to evaluate and compare reliability of cortisol measurements in serum and saliva simultaneously during the...
|
|
|
Standardization of dynamic tests of hypocorticali
Žánová, Magdalena ; Springer, Drahomíra (advisor) ; Kosák, Mikuláš (referee)
During this thesis - Standardisation of hypocortisolism dynamic testing - levels of hormones used when diagnosing adrenal cortex diseases were immunoanalytically determined. Examination of a control group of 66 healthy people from 19 to 68 years of age was a part of the grant project. This group underwent an insulin tolerance test (ITT) and it was confirmed that level of hypoglycaemia does not depend on age. Hypoglycaemia is partially dependent on body mass index in cases when a person's BMI is over 30. Salivary cortisol levels during the ITT reached its maximum levels at 90 minutes while serum cortisol levels were at their highest at 60 minutes. Usage of saliva during this stress test is very limited and it is possible only when using sufficiently sensitive immunoanalytical methods. An insulin stress test retains the gold standard test for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis examination. Substitution of a high-dose synacthen test (HDST) using 250 µg of Synacthen was considered in order to lower body burden. A LDST when 1 µg of Synacthen is used seem to be suitable. In this case, 98.5 % of tested people previously marked healthy by the HDST were found healthy at cut-off values of 500 nmol/l. Evaluation of aldosterone and renin levels measured in basal samples of particular stress tests showed...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.