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Essays in Empirical Economics of the Family
Hrehová, Kristína ; Jurajda, Štěpán (advisor) ; Haapanen, Mika (referee) ; Kahanec, Martin (referee)
This thesis studies important family decisions empirically. Families are confronted with various challenges and shocks including long commutes, insolvency and unwanted pregnancies. I study how different actors including firms, state officials and NGOs influence family outcomes when dealing with these challenges. This thesis consist of three quasi-experimental empirical studies that approximate causal impacts of shocks, including firm relocations, aid center locations and mailing campaigns, on important outcomes of family stability, personal bankruptcy rates and reproductive rates. This thesis contributes to existing empirical research by proposing novel identification strategies and using new sources of variation. In the first chapter we study the impact of firm relocations on commuting distance and the probability of married and cohabiting couples with children separating. We use Swedish register data for 2010- 2016 and select employees of relocating firms with one workplace and more than 10 employees. Focusing on this sample allows us to use plausibly-exogenous variation in the commuting distance arising from the relocation. We extend the literature on the effect of commuting on relationship stability by reducing the possibility for unobserved time-variant factors to bias our estimates. While...
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Essays on International Migration
Dermendzhieva, Zvezda ; Jurajda, Štěpán (advisor) ; Kahanec, Martin (referee) ; Zaiceva, Anželika (referee)
Essays on International Migration Abstract In my dissertation I address issues related to international mi- gration and its economic impact on the migrants' sending regions. For the empirical analysis I use data from household surveys con- ducted in countries and regions where the transition to a market economy, after the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the end of the communist era in Central and Eastern Europe, is associated with exceptionally large emigration. The first chapter is based on household survey data from Ar- menia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia and provides the first preliminary evidence on the scale of recent emigration from the South Caucasus and its impact on the economic development of the region. The large emigration flows from the South Caucasus consist primarily of older male labor migrants to Russia. The findings suggest that current migration from the South Caucasus does not involve mass emigra- tion of the skilled and the income gains from migration are large, but despite the higher incomes earned abroad, the migrants' households do not exhibit higher propensity to spend on education. The signif- icant correlation between having a migrant household member and the presence of a family business in Armenia, however, suggests that the migrants' earnings and remittances have the potential to...
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Essays on Individual Perceptions of Economic Reforms
Popova, Olga ; Lízal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Filer, Randall (referee) ; Kahanec, Martin (referee)
Happiness economics is a relatively new field that has attracted the attention of researchers from many areas. Happiness economics explores the relationships between different aspects of individual life such as socioeconomic characteristics, attitudes, beliefs and individual well-being. In this field, life satisfaction is frequently used as an indicator of the level of individual well-being. Although subjective data can provide meaningful information regarding different aspects of individual life, their usefulness for policy purposes is still undervalued. In this dissertation, several issues are addressed. First, the impact of two corruption measures, state capture and individual perceptions of corruption, on voters' behavior and on the outcomes of elections is examined. Second, the effects of economic reforms on life satisfaction of religious and non-religious people are analyzed. Third, the impact of the euro introduction on life satisfaction is evaluated. The first chapter examines to what extent voting behavior of people with different employment status and the distribution of votes are affected by regional differences in corruption. Using data from the Russian Parliamentary (State Duma) Elections of 1999 and 2003, I develop and estimate a SUR system of equations which takes into account...
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Essays on Matching Markets
Vozár, Mário ; Katuščák, Peter (advisor) ; Veramendi, Gregory (referee) ; Kahanec, Martin (referee)
The first chapter of this work develops a theoretical model of marriage market which complements existing models explaining the phenomenon of match separation. While existing models assume that agents' characteristics do not change over time, I account for the effect of aging on partners' wealth and physical attractiveness to introduce yet another explanation of the phenomenon of divorce. Furthermore, I use the model to analyze how increased female income prospects influence stability of the matches. The objective of the second chapter is to analyze significance of different determinants of match separation proposed by matching market theory. First, we construct unique dataset from Czech ballroom dancing association records, which allows us to assess the quality of individual matches by evaluating dancers' performance throughout their career. Being able to observe the match quality helps us then to individually infer about the potential cause of match separation and to show that both prevalent theories of reason for match separation discussed in the theoretical literature, search frictions and initial uncertainty about match quality, play a significant role in reality and both should be taken into account when match separations are studied. The last chapter concentrates on the effect of growing...
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Methods of rearing the early stages of sturgeon fishes
KAHANEC, Martin
The review "Methods of rearing the early stages of sturgeon fishes" brings in its introductory part an information on current systematics of chondrosteans. It has recently gone through certain amendments upon the development of genetic mapping the fish populations in open waters, as well as the specimens from fish farms. Owing to worldwide- and long-term reduction of stocks of the last populations of chondrostean fishes in open waters, controlled reproduction followed by progeny nursing is the only one real possibility to save chondrosteans. Reproduction of broodstock with incubation of fertilized eggs in fish hatcheries is relatively well managed but the transfer of swimming-up larvae to exogenic feeding is species-specific and very demanding in this group of fish, and frequently attended by remarkable losses of specimens, namely due to high mortality of early stages of fish. The thesis deals with basic currently performed methods of initial feeding of sturgeons. The respective types of live food and artificial feeds which are appropriate and available on the territory of the Czech Republic, are described in details. Furthermore, the thesis brings description of the basic technological parameters of fish farming facilities and technologies, as well as physical and chemical properties of water, which are the essential part of successful rearing the early stages of fish.
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