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Comparative analysis of the regimes of Adnan Menderes and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and the impacts of the military coups on their reign.
Jordán, Roman ; Brisku, Adrian (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
1 Abstract In several public appearances, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has claimed the legacy of Adnan Menderes, describing him as a martyr of democracy who was the first to oppose Kemalist rule in the country and vowed to complete his mission. The aim of this work is to verify how legitimate is this comparison of Erdoğan to the first freely elected prime minister of modern Turkey, Menderes, by means of a comparative analysis of both seemingly different regimes. At the same time, both regimes faced military coups, the legitimately elected DP government fell, and Menderes was executed, while Tayyip Erdoğan's regime fended off a coup attempt and further consolidated its power over the country. The secondary goal is to compare the causes of these military coups, what factors decided the different fate of the two politicians and to briefly evaluate the consequences. This diachronic comparison provides possible insights for understanding the preferences of the Turkish electorate and the specific dynamics of politics there. In the introductory part, the theoretical framework is defined, in which key concepts are presented, which will be used in the subsequent comparative analysis. In the case of populism, democracy and the theory of authoritarian and hybrid regimes, these concepts are first introduced in general and then...
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Mobilization of the Austro-Hungarian Army during the Great War in the Czech Lands
Jordán, Roman ; Čížek, Martin (advisor) ; Velek, Luboš (referee)
During the entire Great War, Austria-Hungary mobilized more than one and a half million men in the Czech lands. Out of service in the Austro-Hungarian army, a third never returned home. Czechs and Germans - the greatest nations represented in the Czech lands of the time - fought and suffered side by side on the Great War fronts. Yet only part of them were honoured at the end of the war. The newly created Czechoslovakia built its existence on a new, legitimate image of the Great War, as a struggle for the freedom and independence of the Czechs, represented by Czechoslovak legionaries. In addition, the grief of the bleeding of an entire generation of men was obscured by the joy of the disintegration of Austria-Hungary and the newly formed Czechoslovak state. The fate and suffering of most Czechs and Germans serving in the Austro-Hungarian army, in the army of their homeland, have been downplayed by the depiction of these soldiers as "Švejkové" or deserters. That is why this work deals exclusively with the experiences of soldiers from Czech lands in the Austro-Hungarian army, by the introduction of their war life, mobilization. The introductory theoretical part introduces the Austro-Hungarian army, including the entire mobilization mechanism, and outlines the development of the Austro-Hungarian...
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