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Odrůstání kultur a porostů založených prostokořenným a krytokořenným sadebním materiálem na území LS LČR Náměšť nad Oslavou
Hudzieczek, Jaroslav
The aim of the diploma thesis was to find out the state and the evaluation of the growth of cultures and stands based on plowed and cryopreserved seedlings on LS Náměšť nad Oslavou. The results show the current state of cultures and stands at selected habitats. The results should contribute to improving the quality and success of the artificial restoration of the forest. For the research and the final evaluation, research areas were selected, which in each pair had the same year of founding (differing by half a year of spring / autumn planting), were found on the same set of forest types. Comparison of research areas differed with the type of planting material used (cryopreserved, flattened). The research areas were on these forest types: 4S (5x), 4K (4x), 4O (2x), 3S (4x), 3H (2x), 3K (2x), 2K (1x). On each research area the parameters were measured on 60 specimens of the tree. The main measured parameters included above ground height, growth, root neck thickness, length and width of the assimilation apparatus, and other parameters needed to refine and to compare objectively. The measured values were evaluated using the statistical method and were compared for each variant of planting material and wood species. The results showed that there is a difference in the growth and development of the cultures and stands based on the cryopreserved and trimmed planting material, in favor of the cryopreservation planting material.
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Vliv poškození lesa pastvou na aridizaci krajiny v severním Mongolsku
Hudzieczek, Jaroslav
The theme of this thesis (Effect of grazing for forest damage and related aridization of northern Mongolia) is mainly focused to study and assess the impact of excessive forest grazing on the ability of natural regeneration with consequent negative impact on increase of aridization and desertification elswhere in northern Mongolia. The research was focused on sites Goricho, Barun Bayan and Dzun Bayan in the national park Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area and the area of the National park Khowsgol Nur Lake. The significant damage of larch forests was found and studied in all four study areas. The main role have livestock grazing, and to a lesser extent also a wildlife. Among the most affected young trees dominated tree species: Larix sibirica, Betulaspp. and Pinus sibirica. Studied forests of the Goricho display high mortality, and their natural regeneration is strongly reduced due excessive forest grazing. Locations Barun Bayan and Dzun Bayan are due to their remoteness damaged to a lesser extent than Goricho. Natural regeneration at the site Khowsgol Nur is subjected to heavy grazing pressure, especially from goats and sheep, regeneration is severely damaged. Larix sibirica was examined at this Khowsgol Nur site as damaged in lesser extent (damaged individuals outweighed healthy individuals). Due to the high damage raid on Goricho and Khowsgol Nur is the decreased ability of vegetation to restore forests naturally. All these areas are highly vulnerable to increasing aridization and desertification. The process of desertification, which is among the planned priority and dealt with development aid projects in Mongolia, is currently very topical in other arid parts of the world and this is the main reason why the present research is realized. Both aridization and desertification along Northern Mongolia is documented by significant signs of water and wind erosion and increase of annual temperature and context of lower water supply.
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