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Water turbine control
Schrott, Eduard ; Bezdíček, Jiří (referee) ; Himr, Daniel (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with water turbines, their regulation and control. The thesis provides a basic theoretical description of fluid flow. It also provides an introduction to the issue of hydro turbines and power plants, their classification and description of the regulation mechanisms of Kaplan, Francis and Pelton turbines. The thesis explains why, when and how turbines are regulated. The last chapter deals with governors and control. The thesis also includes the construction of a simple control model.
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Image processing methods in application to Kármán vortices
Šimůnek, Petr ; Hudec, Martin (referee) ; Himr, Daniel (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on flow visualization and image processing methods, with the aim of applying this theory to the practical analysis of fluid flow with particles. The introductory part of the thesis reviews flow visualization methods that are important for understanding fluid behavior in different systems and environments. Then it focuses on image processing methods, that are crucial for the analysis of image data obtained from flow experiments. In the practical part of this thesis, these theoretical insights are applied to the analysis of a series of images of fluid flow with particles in a tube obtained with a camera. The main objective is to describe fluid flow and identify the Kármán vortex, which is generated when the flow passes an obstacle.
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Description of water cooling of the PerformX spectrometer
Hudák, Pavol ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Fialová, Simona (advisor)
Bachelor thesis focuses on description of hydraulic components and values of water-cooling system, which is a part of the XRF spectrometer and its performance options. It includes research of some spectrometric analyses used in laboratories, including XRF spectrometry, along with advantages and disadvantages of these analyses. This is followed by research that focuses on fluid flow and its hydraulic losses. It includes division of water-cooling systems and describes in detail the water-cooling system of the XRF spectrometer. Furthermore, the thesis includes a measurement of pressure losses, coolant flow rate and progress of temperatures in the water-cooling system during operation of the device. Based on measured values, processes in the cooling systems have been described and schemes with values have been created. Weak points of the cooling systems were revealed, and possible optimizations of the water-cooling system was suggested.
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Design and setup of an experiment to verify the interaction of a magnetic field with a flowing liquid
Sikora, Petr ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Fialová, Simona (advisor)
This thesis deals with the design of a magnetic circuit in order to experimentally verify the effect of an electromagnetic field on a cavitating liquid. In comparison to previous research, this paper presents a comprehensive analysis of this interaction using non-equilibrium thermodynamics. In addition, the theoretical part also focuses on selected topics from electromagnetic field theory with respect to the problem at hand. Based on this research and using FEM software for 2D (FEMM) and subsequently 3D problems (Ansys Maxwell), two models of the magnetic circuit were designed, optimized and built. The final assembly was then used in an experiment. The presence of chemical compounds with disinfectant effects was determined from samples of the affected liquid. Finally, the electrical voltage induced on the electrodes attached to the measuring circuit was also measured.
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Breakdowns caused by water hammer
Kuřátko, Jiří ; Hudec, Martin (referee) ; Himr, Daniel (advisor)
The goal of this bachelors thesis is to explain how water hammer occurs, listing often used protective devices that help mitigate this event and research of accidents caused by water hammer. The thesis deals with theoretical introduction into the topic, describing preservation laws for fluids, most common causes of water hammer and characteristics connected to this phenomenon. Then it mentions often used protective devices for both overpressure and negative pressure. Finally there are accidents caused by water hammer, some with unusual causes, which however still need to be taken into consideration when designing a pipeline.
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Energy recuperation in water delivery system
Pavlík, Šimon ; Rudolf, Pavel (referee) ; Himr, Daniel (advisor)
The thesis deals with the use of energy potential in water supply networks and is divided into three main parts. The first part describes the characteristic elements of the water supply network and analyses the energy potential of the Nové Bránice water supply system, which was identified in the location of the pressure reducing valve. The second chapter is devoted to designing algorithm according to which a system of energy recovery - a pump in turbine mode is designed. The statistical analysis is counted as well. In this chapter, the theory of pump in turbine mode operation and the prediction theory of turbine characteristic estimation are presented. The final part of the thesis is devoted to creating a water network model in Epanet 2.2. In one day simulations the current state of the system with a pressure reducing valve is compared with the system including the proposed pump in turbine mode.
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Assesment of air concentration in water depending on pressure
Uttendorfský, Petr ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Pochylý, František (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with air concentration in the water. The general conception comes from Henry's law about gas dissolved in the liquids depending on pressure. The basic derivation, the values which influence dissolvability and the Henry's Law constant´s forms are discussed here. Next part is about the usage aeration in the industry and in the construction of aeration systems. The special equipment is for realization experiment. This special equipment is gas´s accumulator based. The measured values are expressed as the tables and the graphs. The data from experiment validated the force of Henry´s Law: with growing pressure above water level, the air concentration in the water is growing too.
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The storage water plants problem appreciation
Archalous, Jakub ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Sloupenský, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the use of hydropower. It gives an overview of hydroelectric plants and describes mechanisms that convert water energy into electric energy. The most attention is paid to the principle and operation of pumped storage power plants and the machinery used there. Also the efficiency of the pumping cycle at Dlouhe Strane power plant is calculated.
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Slip factor of the hydrodynamic pumps
Chromek, Lukáš ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Klas, Roman (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the initial draft of an impeller wheel, determination of its specific energy that has a pump with infinite number of impeller blades and following correction to real specific energy of an impeller wheel pump with finite number of blades. The correction will be performed using different methods by various authors and some of the methods will also be compared during the calculation of specific energy and discharge head of pump of several real impeller wheels. Then the thesis goes on to deal with some of the effects arising from the flow of fluid in the impeller wheel that often have negative influence on above-mentioned specific energy. At the end of the thesis, there will be brief abstract on problems of the correction, simulation, and analysis of flow in a blade channel using CFD software.
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Microplastics removing from water
Ermis, Martin ; Himr, Daniel (referee) ; Štigler, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the occurrence of microplastics in water, the reasons for their potential elimination, and the possibilities leading to that. More specifically, it focuses on flotation as a process for removing microplastics from water. Flotation is further described from a theoretical point of view and its mathematical model is developed. The wettability of selected polymers is measured. The experiment performed to determine the efficiency of flotation as a process of treating water from microplastics is described. This efficiency is further compared to measured wettability.
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