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Ritual use of skull in Tibet.
Hanker, Martin ; Berounský, Daniel (advisor) ; Vokurková, Zuzana (referee)
This study's primary ambition is to present an overview of the key texts from a genre of Tibetan craniological manuals (Tib. thod brtags) as well as some of their translations, thus illustrating the diversity of this tradition. Based on the reviewed material, a comparison with secondary literature will be made and a few re-evaluations of known facts suggested. Because the only available comprehensive translation of any craniological text was published in 1888 (!) and all the subsequent works have relied on it without necessary critical approach, I decided to translate that original text once again and reveal any possible misinterpretations. As a result, I hope this thesis will contribute to the already present academic (mainly ethnographical oriented) discussion about the use of skulls in Tibet, as its philological support, hence filling up this blank methodological spot. Keywords Tibetan studies, Tibetology, Philology, Tibet, Buddhism, vajrayāna, tantra, ritual object, ritual vessel, human skull, calvaria, cranium, skull cup, craniology, manual, Kapālika gal gnad ming tshig bod, chos, bon, kapāla, ka li, thod pa, thod phor, thod bum, thod zhal, thod rus, bha+ndha, bhandha, ban+dha, bhan ja, dung chen, thod brtag, thod brtags, thod rabs, thod bshad, thod pa'i mtshan, snod, sgrub rdzas, thod sgrub,...
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Fabulous Land of Shambhala
Hanker, Martin ; Berounský, Daniel (advisor) ; Vokurková, Zuzana (referee)
The myth of Shambhala shelters trandemously wide rande of symbols, which moved it towards new contexts of imagination and events, that augment its traditional purpose and sense. Indigenous contours of eschatological and utopistic archetypes are covered by new layers of interpretations, so the aim is to reveal the mythical roots via stepwise purification. After getting familiar with available materials, a prezentation of a development of the mythical images takes its place, based on publications referring to the primary sources. Main ideas are here introduced within corresponding areas slightly deeper. Following part interpretates some key elements of the myth and their wider context according to the secondary sources. Third chapter presents the role of Occident in connection with Shambhala as a oriental element, which we are still trying to understand in the propriate way. Some other western phenomenas are briefly described in the end too, because they are closely related to the issue of Shambhala in the West, but deeper focus on them is not the goal of this thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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