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Brown adipose tissue and its positive effects
Máchová, Magdaléna ; Horníková, Daniela (advisor) ; Haasová, Eliška (referee)
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specialized type of adipose tissue that plays an important role in non-shivering thermogenesis which is induced most often after cold acclimation. However, many studies have also highlighted the role of BAT in influencing the cardiovascular system and thus obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2, atherosclerosis, and insulin resistance. BAT has a protective effect against oxidative stress and recent studies suggest that it also has a potential therapeutic relevance for the treatment of cancer and osteoporosis, while it may also play a role in the body's immunomodulatory effects. Key words: brown adipose tissue, non-shivering thermogenesis, cold acclimation, β-adrenergic receptors, therapeutic potential
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Functions of Neuregulin 4
Majerčáková, Eva ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Haasová, Eliška (referee)
This work focuses on reviewing the function of Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) and its receptor ErbB4 in various biological processes and disease states, including inflammation, cancer, metabolic diseases, and liver diseases. In metabolic diseases such as diabetes, Nrg4 may affect glucose metabolism and lipid homeostasis, but the exact mechanism of action is not yet well understood. Nrg4 and its receptor ErbB4 appear to be key factors in regulating inflammation and promoting cell survival. Moreover, in liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Nrg4 and ErbB4 seems to play a protective role. Overall, these findings highlight complex roles of Nrg4 and ErbB4 in a multitude of biological processes and disease states. Further research is needed to fully understand these relationships and their potential as diagnostic or therapeutic targets.
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