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Occupational diseases in medical personnel and their most common causes
HONDLÍKOVÁ, Zuzana
The objective of my thesis "Occupational diseases in medical personnel and their most common causes" explores the detriments of health that result from theoretical risk in the medical working environment. These health detriments not only severely impact personal health but also cause economical troubles due to diminished work capabilities. Occupational health services have improved as a consequence of this impact. Instead of this term, the expression "work healthcare" is now more commonly used. Its main goal is improvement of labour conditions as well as support of employees health. The occurrence of occupational diseases reflects the level of healthcare services available for employees. The National Institute of Public Health in Prague, in conjunction with The Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, aim to operate within this framework to address the issue of work healthcare. The objective of the thesis is to examine the occurrence of occupational diseases in the Czech Republic as well as in the South Bohemia region within a specific time period. Expressed in focused literature, there are two hypotheses related to occupational healthcare: H1 "The occurrence of occupational diseases has a declining trend" and H2 "The most common occupational disease in health care in the South Bohemia region is scabies for the years 2002, 2012 and 2013". A secondary analysis of data shows the occurrence of occupational diseases, which reflects the employees' level of healthcare. The National register of occupational diseases is available on the official web site of The National Institute of Public Health in Prague, where single year data is available for further examination. Further data is provided by The Centre of occupational Health at The National Institute of Public Health in Prague. A point of discussion is "monitoring knowledgeability of employees in public healthcare regarding prevention against occupational diseases". Another issue is "the instruction of the medical workforce about prevention against occupational diseases". The focus group is the medical workforce of The Hospital of Czech Budweis, a.s. and The Hospital of T. Bati, a.s. in Zlín. The featured questionnaire research had twenty questions, with twelve focused on knowledge of prevention that minimised contraction of associated diseases. The research has discovered that the occupational diseases in the health and social care field has a declining trend. The largest percentage of the population that has had scabies occurred in 2002. 139 cases were reported which was 53% of all occupational diseases that year. Scabies occurred in 72 cases in the year 2012, which was 55% of all occupational diseases in that year. In South Moravia, there were 44 cases of occupational diseases in 2002, but only 6 in the year 2012. The statistics of 2012 imply a significant decline. In 2002, the region of Ústí and Labem had the greatest number of occupational diseases cases 42 cases. But no case of occupational disease was found in 2002 in the region of Olomouc and in 2012 in the region of Zlín. This statistical data proves the hypothesis of a declining trend. The most significant occurrence of occupational diseases was found in the nurse population of the South Bohemia region. The most common occupational disease was scabies. Nine cases were recorded which accounted for 30% of all occupational diseases in 2002, 2012 and 2013 in the South Bohemia region. The most occupational diseases were found in 2002 17 cases. 2012 showed a decline of only 3 cases. In 2013, the occurrence of occupational diseases increased to 10 cases compared to 2012. The hypothesis was statistically confirmed. The thesis could be used as a informative document for teaching occupational hygiene and also as document of reference for healthcare personnel to study common workplace diseases. This thesis can assist in prevention of occupational diseases, in particular infectious diseases.
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Dangerous Products on the Czech Trade and System of International Exchange Information RAPEX
HONDLÍKOVÁ, Zuzana
My bachelor's thesis deals with problems of dangerous products on the market in the Czech Republic and with rapid alert system providing international exchange of information (RAPEX). The import of dangerous products to EU countries, which means also our country, is increasing because of the trade liberalization. Therefore, I wanted to find out in my thesis if non-proffessional public is informed about these problems and if people are interested in it. The aim of this thesis was to find out and analyse dangerous non-food products on the Czech market in 2011. As the Czech Republic is a member of the European Union, it is essential to see the analysis of international rapid alert system outputs in European standards. Furthermore, I focused on countries of origin that mostly import dangerous products and I monitored the usual kind of products. The data from Ministry of Health, Regional Health Protection Agencies and European Commission were used as a source of information for my research. By means of questionnaires I investigated knowledge of a specific group, namely mothers of preschool children. The problems of products dangerous for preschool children concern especially the mothers. The bachelor's thesis contains a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with European Union and Czech legislative requirements for objects that are commonly used, included materials and objects coming into contact with food, toys, cosmetics and products for children up to three years old. Non-proffessional people play the role of product consumers, so their rights and obligations are also included in the theoretical part. Equally, activities and competences of Health Protection Agencies are involved. I chose a combined attitude to data collecting and analysing in the practical part of the thesis. At first data collection was accomplished, then it was studied by the method of side data analysis. Subsequently, a quantitative research was applied, where a feedback from non-proffessional public was gained. There I found out public's attitudes, knowledge and customer behaviour. Particular aims of the bachelor's thesis were met. It was established that respondents have not enough information about the problems or rather they do not pay much attention to them. Respondents also do not trust Regional Health Protection Agencies. However, their customer behaviour can be assessed positively. The side data analysis showed that products from China often come to European market, especially clothes and toys. The presence of carcinogenic hydroquinone seems to be the worst danger that can appear in cosmetic products. The biggest risk of toys and products for children up to three years old is asphyxication as a result of technical imperfections. The bachelor's thesis could be used as a helpful source when teaching hygiene of commonly used objects. Or it could be used in the mass media as a source of information for non-proffessional public.
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