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Trends in incidence of Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in years 2001-2020
Doležalová, Karolína ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Skřičková, Jana (referee) ; Svatoň, Martin (referee)
Trends in incidence of tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis in children and adolescents in Czech republic in years 2001-2020 BCG vaccination programs were introduced into Czechoslovakia more than 60 years ago under an entirely different epidemiological situation than that of today. Compulsory mass BCG vaccination was abolished in November 2010 and changed to a selective vaccination program for infants at high risk of contracting tuberculosis. This work wants to ascertain the risk of tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in 10 years following the change of the vaccination program and a comparison with the same period of mass BCG vaccination. The design of this work is a descriptive study, comparison, and statistical analysis of data for the period 2001-2020 about cases of tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis as reported in the Tuberculosis Register. The conclusions are that the trend of TB incidence in children in both compared periods is identical and statistically significantly decreasing (p <0,001). The trend of incidence of NTM cervical lymphadenitis in children is in the first period degressive and non-significant (p=0,561). However, in the second period, the trend is significantly increasing (p <0,001), in every, compared two subsequent years is an increase of 8 %....
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Risk of cancer in heart transplant recipients. Associations between heart transplantation and skin cancer
Sečníková, Zuzana ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dlhý, Jozef (referee) ; Šejda, Jan (referee)
The risk of cancer in heart transplant recipients. Association between heart transplantation and the incidence of skin cancer. Background:Organ transplant recipients are at significantly higher risk for developing a wide range of malignant tumours. Aim: Analysis of the incidence, histological spectrum and clinical impact of various types of cancer in heart transplant recipients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on 646 heart transplant recipients who underwent heart transplantation between 1993-2011 in The Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague. Relative risks of cancer were estimated as standardized morbidity ratios. Results: In total, 194 incident cases of malignancy occurred in 126 patients (19,5 %). Skin cancer, solid organ tumours and lymphoma represented 62 %, 35 % and 6 % of the malignancies, respectively. Conclusion: These findings confirm the fact that cancer is an important complication for long-term survival in heart transplant recipients whereas post-transplant malignancies have variable clinical impact. Even though nonmelanoma skin cancer has predominantly benign course, we underscore the importance of regular skin cancer screening in the post-transplant period.
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Prevalence of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases in psoriatic patients with a possibility of an early diagnosis
Jůzlová, Kateřina ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dlhý, Jozef (referee) ; Šejda, Jan (referee)
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, the prevalence of which is around 1.5 % to 4.7% in Europe. According to recent findings, psoriasis is associated with multiple other diseases, which aggravate the patient's future quality of life. Gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease are included in psoriasis comorbidities. Many foreign studies have already demonstrated that the prevalence of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases is significantly higher in psoriatic patients than in the common population. No similar study has been performed yet in the Czech Republic. We therefore initiated a project aiming at identifying the presence of specific markers and early stages of autoimmune gastrointestinal in patients with psoriasis. The study was designed as a hospital- based case-control study. Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis were enrolled as cases. The control group, selected based on a ratio of 1:2, consists of patients with other skin diseases. The cases and controls were subject to the same selection criteria: all persons suffering from chronic and autoimmune diseases were excluded. The selection of control group respects the age and gender distribution of cases. A comparison of the prevalence of specific antibodies (ASCA,...
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Incidence of malignant neoplasms in renal transplant recipients: Association between transplantation and the incidence of skin cancer
Krásová, Martina ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dlhý, Jozef (referee) ; Vašků, Vladimír (referee)
Aims: To determine the incidence of skin cancer and other malignancies in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) transplanted in the largest transplant center in the Czech Republic. To identify the distribution of risk factors involved in the skin cancer development and to derive the optimal strategy for dermatological screening in the Czech transplant population. Materials and methods: A cohort study was performed on the group of 797 patients after kidney transplantation, who were referred for dermatological examination in the time period from January 2013 to January 2016. Standardized morbidity ration (SMR) was analyzed and calculated for different types of cancer developed in the posttransplant period. Results: 192 cases of malignancies were diagnosed in 86 RTRs (10,8 %). Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was the most frequent type of cancer with SMR = 6,42 (P = 0,000), followed by renal cancer with SMR = 5,9 (P = 0,000), malignant melanoma with SMR = 2,59 (P = 0,080) and prostate cancer with SMR = 1,21 (P = 0,593). The risk to develop NMSC was significantly higher in the group where cyclosporine has been used besides tacrolimus, mycophenolatemophetil and steroids as well as in the group treated with the combination without cyclosporine (SMR = 9,62, P = 0,001 and SMR = 5,18, P = 0,000). Furthermore,...
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Quality of life of children with atopic dermatitis and their families
Jiráková, Anna Aleksandra ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee)
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common childhood inflammatory skin diseases. As a chronic disease it can have a physical and psychological effect on the social functioning of the affected child as well as his family. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of children with AD and their families. A total of 636 children with the diagnosis of AD and naevi, aged from newborns to 18 years and 636 of their parents took part in our study. All participants, according to their age, completed the questionnaires: Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), Childrens' Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI)- text and cartoon version and Dermatitis Family Impact Questionnaire (DFI). We gained statistically significant differences in the mean scores between children with the diagnosis of AD and children with the diagnosis naevi. We also gained differences of mean scores in different age groups of patients with AD. The highest and statistically proven score was in the oldest group of children with AD (9,85) then in the group from 7 to 13 years (8,33) and the lowest in the group of children from newborns to 6 years (7,84). Question with the highest score in all age groups of children with AD was the question about: "itching and scratching". There was also proven an influence...
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Cardiovascular risk factors for comorbidities in psoriatic patients usable in secondary prevention
Votrubová, Jana ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Šejda, Jan (referee)
Úvod: Psoriáza je chronické zánětlivé kožní onemocnění, které se vyskytuje cca u 2-5% populace. Je asociována s řadou komorbidit, které zhoršují kvalitu života psoriatiků a negativně ovlivňují jejich morbiditu a mortalitu. Dosud publikované studie ukazují na vyšší výskyt kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u pacientů s psoriázou, výsledky těchto studií jsou však velmi různorodé a závěry nejednotné. Proto jsme iniciovali studii, která si klade za cíl zjistit prevalenci rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u českých pacientů s psoriázou a definovat vhodný screenigový program k zajištění jejich sekundární prevence. Cíle: Vyšetření, vyhodnocení a porovnání prevalence jednotlivých rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních onemocnění (obvod pasu, krevní tlak, dyslipidémie, porucha glukózové tolerance) u případů a kontrol, porovnání prevalence časných stadií aterosklerózy pomocí sonografického měření šíře intima-medie na a.carotis communis vpravo a vlevo u pacientů s psoriázou a kontrolní skupinou. Na základě získaných výsledků sestavení souboru preventivních vyšetření vhodných k pravidelnému screeningu. Metodika: Projekt má design studie případů a kontrol. U každého subjektu byl vyšetřen: krevní tlak, glykémie, lipidogram, CRP, obvod pasu. Dále byl zaznamenáván věk, pohlaví, výška, váha, přítomnost...
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Levels of specific antibodies against measles, in university hospital staff, during the 2018-2019 measles outbreak in Prague, CZ
Malinová, Jana ; Čelko, Alexander (advisor) ; Částková, Jitka (referee) ; Göpfertová, Dana (referee)
Levels of specific antibodies against measles, in university hospital staff, during the 2018-2019 measles outbreak in Prague, CZ. MUDr. Jana Malinová Between May 2018 and December 2019, during an epidemic measles outbreak in the Czech Republic, especially in Prague, a prospective serological study was conducted by staff at the Kralovske University Hospital, which focused on determining the measles seropositivity of the Kralovske University Hospital personal. During the study, a total of 2,782 university hospital employees, between the ages of 19-89 years, were examined. The aim of the study was to determine whether the measles seropositivity rate in health care staff was greater than 90 % and whether seropositivity was affected by any of the studied variables such as gender, age, natural vs. acquired immunity, overweight or obesity, smoking, and concomitant disease. Since childhood immunity, obtained either by infection or vaccination, was assumed, seropositivity persistence into adulthood was also evaluated. The results of the study confirmed that the seropositivity of medical personnel was greater than 90 % independently of how it was acquired. However, seropositivity was higher (98 %) in those who had natural immunity via a childhood measles infection. Although vaccination with at least one dose of the...
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Incidence of malignant neoplasms in renal transplant recipients: Association between transplantation and the incidence of skin cancer
Krásová, Martina ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dlhý, Jozef (referee) ; Vašků, Vladimír (referee)
Aims: To determine the incidence of skin cancer and other malignancies in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) transplanted in the largest transplant center in the Czech Republic. To identify the distribution of risk factors involved in the skin cancer development and to derive the optimal strategy for dermatological screening in the Czech transplant population. Materials and methods: A cohort study was performed on the group of 797 patients after kidney transplantation, who were referred for dermatological examination in the time period from January 2013 to January 2016. Standardized morbidity ration (SMR) was analyzed and calculated for different types of cancer developed in the posttransplant period. Results: 192 cases of malignancies were diagnosed in 86 RTRs (10,8 %). Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was the most frequent type of cancer with SMR = 6,42 (P = 0,000), followed by renal cancer with SMR = 5,9 (P = 0,000), malignant melanoma with SMR = 2,59 (P = 0,080) and prostate cancer with SMR = 1,21 (P = 0,593). The risk to develop NMSC was significantly higher in the group where cyclosporine has been used besides tacrolimus, mycophenolatemophetil and steroids as well as in the group treated with the combination without cyclosporine (SMR = 9,62, P = 0,001 and SMR = 5,18, P = 0,000). Furthermore,...
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Cardiovascular risk factors for comorbidities in psoriatic patients usable in secondary prevention
Votrubová, Jana ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee) ; Šejda, Jan (referee)
Úvod: Psoriáza je chronické zánětlivé kožní onemocnění, které se vyskytuje cca u 2-5% populace. Je asociována s řadou komorbidit, které zhoršují kvalitu života psoriatiků a negativně ovlivňují jejich morbiditu a mortalitu. Dosud publikované studie ukazují na vyšší výskyt kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u pacientů s psoriázou, výsledky těchto studií jsou však velmi různorodé a závěry nejednotné. Proto jsme iniciovali studii, která si klade za cíl zjistit prevalenci rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních komorbidit u českých pacientů s psoriázou a definovat vhodný screenigový program k zajištění jejich sekundární prevence. Cíle: Vyšetření, vyhodnocení a porovnání prevalence jednotlivých rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních onemocnění (obvod pasu, krevní tlak, dyslipidémie, porucha glukózové tolerance) u případů a kontrol, porovnání prevalence časných stadií aterosklerózy pomocí sonografického měření šíře intima-medie na a.carotis communis vpravo a vlevo u pacientů s psoriázou a kontrolní skupinou. Na základě získaných výsledků sestavení souboru preventivních vyšetření vhodných k pravidelnému screeningu. Metodika: Projekt má design studie případů a kontrol. U každého subjektu byl vyšetřen: krevní tlak, glykémie, lipidogram, CRP, obvod pasu. Dále byl zaznamenáván věk, pohlaví, výška, váha, přítomnost...
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Prevalence of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases in psoriatic patients with a possibility of an early diagnosis
Jůzlová, Kateřina ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dlhý, Jozef (referee) ; Šejda, Jan (referee)
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, the prevalence of which is around 1.5 % to 4.7% in Europe. According to recent findings, psoriasis is associated with multiple other diseases, which aggravate the patient's future quality of life. Gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease are included in psoriasis comorbidities. Many foreign studies have already demonstrated that the prevalence of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases is significantly higher in psoriatic patients than in the common population. No similar study has been performed yet in the Czech Republic. We therefore initiated a project aiming at identifying the presence of specific markers and early stages of autoimmune gastrointestinal in patients with psoriasis. The study was designed as a hospital- based case-control study. Patients with chronic plaque psoriasis were enrolled as cases. The control group, selected based on a ratio of 1:2, consists of patients with other skin diseases. The cases and controls were subject to the same selection criteria: all persons suffering from chronic and autoimmune diseases were excluded. The selection of control group respects the age and gender distribution of cases. A comparison of the prevalence of specific antibodies (ASCA,...
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