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The problem of language in Husserl and its reception
Gvenetadze, Zura ; Schnell, Alexander (advisor) ; Flock, Philip (referee)
The aim of the following paper is to show what problems Husserl's phenomenology poses in relation to language. At first sight, the problem of language seems irrelevant or uninteresting in Husserl's work, since the author himself never really problematized language. However, I insist that without a proper analysis of language, some key questions remain unanswered, including 1) epistemological questions such as how we can grasp something in language, 2) the nature of phenomenology itself. When natural attitudes are transformed into phenomenological ones, the question is whether or how language is transformed, and 3) the constitution of other phenomena - like ideality, history, etc. Because of the vastness of the subject, I have chosen to focus mainly on three points - 1) the influence of language on perception, 2) the nature of language itself, and 3) the ability of language to penetrate the deepest depths of subjectivity. These topics will not all be discussed in detail because it would require much more work. For this reason, I have chosen to understand Husserl's phenomenology through the background of the problem of language. This means that the whole explanation and analysis can only be understood in this context. With this approach, I was able to see new perspectives and shed new light on the...
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Italian Neo-Parmenidism in the XXᵉ century. The philosophy of Emanuele Severino and death as a necessity of being
Barbieri, Sofia ; Klass, Tobias Nikolaus (advisor) ; Flock, Philip (referee)
Keywords: Emanuele Severino, Neo-Parmenidism, original structure, Being, Nothingness, death. The aim of this work is to put into circulation the thought of the Italian philosopher Emanuele Severino. The Neo-Parmenidism, of which Severino is the most important representative, is an interesting voice in the Italian and European philosophical panorama nowadays and it can open a new field for philosophical research, especially in the theme of death. A definition of Neo-Parmenidism will be given and the context from which and in which it was born and developed in the XXᵉ century will be outlined. The 'original structure' will then be explained. It is the logical-conceptual knot which, according to Severino, is the true foundation, since it allows the Being to be shown in its full authenticity, that is, without contamination by nothingness. The second half of Severino's writings will also be discussed. The path to the affirmation of authentic Being through the "sunset" of being-that-is-not will be shown. Finally, we will expose how Severino manages to give a new meaning to the phenomenon of death, which no longer has to do with nothingness but only with Being, as an approach to the Glory.
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The meaning in Merleau-Ponty's work
Chemlal, Neil ; Schnell, Alexander (advisor) ; Flock, Philip (referee)
Key words: thought, experience, perception, expression rationality, language, Merleau-Ponty. Our work has been a study of Merleau-Ponty's thinking based on such questions: Do things make sense beyond their rational justification? Can we otherwise grasp a reality that always escapes us, when rationality is at times simply limited to the sole sphere of intelligibility? What is even this rationality? Doesn't rationality as we imagine it reduce itself to the mere thinking subject? Are there no other forms of rationality outside the criteria of rationality of the thinking subject? Through these questions, we have tried to bring to light what Merleau-Ponty thinking could bring of originality, especially insofar as one way for him to answer them was to consider all meaning in a deeper interiority. This begins with the study of the structures he calls "ante- predictive", which show the extent to which our bodies, in particular, already interpret their environment before we are aware of it. There would already be, at this level, a rational, systematic form, which would be there before any thematization by thought. Consequently, if there is already meaning before consciousness, how can we reconcile the fact that it is not accessible by our methods of reflection and our demand to think it? Moreover, given that...
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The Undecidable Decision : From the Deconstruction of History to the Undeconstructible Justice
Brière, Xavier ; Klass, Tobias Nikolaus (advisor) ; Flock, Philip (referee)
This dissertation proposes a transversal reading of Jacques Derrida's work focusing on the notion of undecidability. The objective is primarily to bring out this notion in a mainly epistemological dimension, starting from his first works on the philosophy of history, i.e. as dealing with the problems of the truthfulness of the historical narrative. Then, the idea is to trace a logical continuity with the later, practice-oriented interests of deconstruction, of which the Derridian idea of a messianic justice without messianism becomes the conceptual limit. By extrapolating on the condition of undecidability of a decision that would meet this criterion of justice, we attempt to establish a precise narrative of Derridian work, while orienting it on its contemporary issues. Key words: Derrida, decision, undecidability, justice, history, deconstruction, theory, practice, responsibility, archi-system, trace.
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On the Concept of Hyle in Husserl's Time Theory : First Step into the Phenomenology of Hyle
Joung, Seongkyeong ; Schnell, Alexander (advisor) ; Flock, Philip (referee)
- Master Thesis 2019 On the Concept of Hyle in Husserl's Time Theory : First Step into the Phenomenology of Hyle Seongkyeong Joung This paper examines the status and the role of the concept of Hyle in Husserl's time theory as long as its problematic is subsumed within the problematic of the transcendental constitution. We will show how the problems in the early time lectures (1904/5) are partially solved with the discovery of the dimension of passive intentionality in the Bernauer manuscripts (1917/18) and the lectures on passive synthesis (1920-26) and thereby how Hyle's problematic broaden, that in the C-manuscripts (1929-1934) this problem is eventually subsumed into the problematic of the functioning ego, and that nevertheless Hyle itself remains as a non-reducing component which makes possible phenomenological questions about alterity. Keywords: Hyle, Alterity, Original Stream, Original Hyle, Self-awareness, Time Consciousness, Transcendental Constitution, Passive Intentionality, Genetic Phenomenology, Edmund Husserl
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