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Consequences of early ischemic hippocampal lesion in rats
Mátéffyová, Adela ; Kubová, Hana (advisor) ; Mareš, Jan (referee) ; Brázdil, Milan (referee) ; Kozler, Petr (referee)
Stroke is an important cause of neurological morbidity in infants and children, with an incidence of approximately 8 cases per 100000 per year (Giroud et af. 1995). In chi ldren, stroke is often under-recognized/unrecognized because of variation in the presentation, evaluation, and diagnosis. In many cases, asyrnmetry of reaching and grasping, failure to reach developmental milestones, or post-neonatal seizures that appear some months after the acute event are the only mark of previous stroke. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Analysis of value of functional neuroimaging methods in diagnostics of focal intractable epilepsy
Kudr, Martin ; Kršek, Pavel (advisor) ; Brázdil, Milan (referee) ; Hájek, Milan (referee)
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders with prevalence 0,5 to 1 %. Considerable number of patients (particularly children) suffers from intractable focal epilepsy caused by focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) - a localized malformation of cortical development. The only treatment option in these patients remains resective epilepsy surgery. Its goal is to remove the epileptogenic zone (EZ) defined as the area of the cerebral cortex that is indispensable for the generation of epileptic seizures. There is currently no exclusive diagnostic test for localizing EZ localization; the localization hypothesis is based on combination of more diagnostic methods. Neuroimaging methods (especially magnetic resonance imaging - MRI) are crucial for localizing EZ; however, functional neuroimaging methods analyzing different functional aspects of the brain tissue can be equally important. The goal of this PhD study is to analyze value of functional neuroimaging methods (especially SPECT and SISCOM respectively and FDG-PET) for the EZ localization in patients with focal intractable epilepsy. In the first presented study we analyzed value of ictal SPECT examination for the EZ localization in a large cohort of pediatric patients with FCD operated on in Miami Children's Hospital, Florida. The study proved that...
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Visual mismatch negativity among patients with schizophrenia
Urban, Aleš ; Libiger, Jan (advisor) ; Brázdil, Milan (referee) ; Přikryl, Radovan (referee)
Cognitive deficit is considered to be one of the basic symptoms of schizophrenia. It is associated with the social impairment and the long term outcome of the disorder. In addition to neuropsychological methods, event-related potentials can be used to study cognitive functions. In patients with schizophrenia an association was found between the amplitude changes of slow negative component of evoked responses to infrequent deviant stimuli in a series of uniform stimuli. This change is known as mismatch negativity (MMN) and it is assumed to be independent of the focused attention and effort that may interfere with neuropsychological testing. The recent accumulation of knowledge on MMN as a possible preattentive measure of perceptual processing supports its potential significance for diagnostic and functional evaluation of schizophrenia. MMN elicited by visual stimuli (vMMN) was described by several research teams, but it has not been investigated in schizophrenia as yet. Using a motion-direction paradigm, we elicited visual MMN in 24 patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The vMMN was computed as difference in areas under curve (AUC) of visual ERPs to standard and deviant motion direction stimuli recorded from midline derivations at the interval of 100-200 msec. AUC were compared...
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Consequences of early ischemic hippocampal lesion in rats
Mátéffyová, Adela ; Kubová, Hana (advisor) ; Mareš, Jan (referee) ; Brázdil, Milan (referee) ; Kozler, Petr (referee)
Stroke is an important cause of neurological morbidity in infants and children, with an incidence of approximately 8 cases per 100000 per year (Giroud et af. 1995). In chi ldren, stroke is often under-recognized/unrecognized because of variation in the presentation, evaluation, and diagnosis. In many cases, asyrnmetry of reaching and grasping, failure to reach developmental milestones, or post-neonatal seizures that appear some months after the acute event are the only mark of previous stroke. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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