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Global trends in HIV/AIDS mortality
Aubrecht, Vratislav ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is focused on the development of HIV/AIDS mortality in the world starting from the year 1990 and the main goal is estimating the possible future development of the number of inhabitants of the world and defined regions and the influence of HIV/AIDS on the number of inhabitants up to the year 2065. The possible number of HIV/AIDS deaths and people, who were not born because of HIV and AIDS, is computed up to this year. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the most important institutions, which include fight against HIV and AIDS as a part of ther programme, are presented. Natural history of HIV infection and the successes in the research of HIV vaccine are described. In the analytical part, the demographic reproduction of the population of the world and selected regions between years 1950 and 2010 is described, followed by population projection of the world and regions up to year 2065 using the cohort component method. The projection is created in four variants. The first one eliminates the HIV/AIDS mortality. The second one is the constant variant, which conserve the level of HIV/AIDS mortality from the year 2010 up to the year 2065. Last two variants, higher and lower, consider changing levels of HIV/AIDS mortality at time. According to the results of this population projection,...
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Development of the secondary sex ratio in India and China
Aubrecht, Vratislav ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Development of the secondary sex ratio in India and China Abstract The main objective of this thesis is to describe the population development and the development of the sex ratio at birth in India and China from 1950 to the present. In the majority of the populations of the world the sex ratio at birth (number of males born per 100 females) has usually values between 104- 106 male live births per 100 female live births, although determining exact borders varies depending on source. In some countries, the sex ratio at birth has risen to unnaturally high values in recent decades. This has happened in East and Southeast, South and West Asia or in Southeast Europe. In those countries, the son preference is deeply rooted. This is determined by many cultural, political, social and economic conditions. When two of the signs of gender discrimination are increasing sex ratio at birth and excessive female infant mortality, it brings a number of demographic consequences, which have further economic and social impact on society. No wonder many governments of the affected countries pay attention to this phenomenon, because those generated problems could affect and in some countries probably will affect society dozens years after sex ratio at birth returns to biologically normal values. Keywords: secondary sex ratio,...
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Global trends in HIV/AIDS mortality
Aubrecht, Vratislav ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is focused on the development of HIV/AIDS mortality in the world starting from the year 1990 and the main goal is estimating the possible future development of the number of inhabitants of the world and defined regions and the influence of HIV/AIDS on the number of inhabitants up to the year 2065. The possible number of HIV/AIDS deaths and people, who were not born because of HIV and AIDS, is computed up to this year. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the most important institutions, which include fight against HIV and AIDS as a part of ther programme, are presented. Natural history of HIV infection and the successes in the research of HIV vaccine are described. In the analytical part, the demographic reproduction of the population of the world and selected regions between years 1950 and 2010 is described, followed by population projection of the world and regions up to year 2065 using the cohort component method. The projection is created in four variants. The first one eliminates the HIV/AIDS mortality. The second one is the constant variant, which conserve the level of HIV/AIDS mortality from the year 2010 up to the year 2065. Last two variants, higher and lower, consider changing levels of HIV/AIDS mortality at time. According to the results of this population projection,...
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Development of the secondary sex ratio in India and China
Aubrecht, Vratislav ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Development of the secondary sex ratio in India and China Abstract The main objective of this thesis is to describe the population development and the development of the sex ratio at birth in India and China from 1950 to the present. In the majority of the populations of the world the sex ratio at birth (number of males born per 100 females) has usually values between 104- 106 male live births per 100 female live births, although determining exact borders varies depending on source. In some countries, the sex ratio at birth has risen to unnaturally high values in recent decades. This has happened in East and Southeast, South and West Asia or in Southeast Europe. In those countries, the son preference is deeply rooted. This is determined by many cultural, political, social and economic conditions. When two of the signs of gender discrimination are increasing sex ratio at birth and excessive female infant mortality, it brings a number of demographic consequences, which have further economic and social impact on society. No wonder many governments of the affected countries pay attention to this phenomenon, because those generated problems could affect and in some countries probably will affect society dozens years after sex ratio at birth returns to biologically normal values. Keywords: secondary sex ratio,...
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