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Impact of capitation grant on pupils’ enrollment in Ghana, a case study of selected junior high schools in Wa municipality
Aidoo, Kelly Addo
This study provides an assessment of how capitation grant has impacted the enrollment of pupils in selected basic education schools in the Wa Municipality in Ghana. In a real sense it provides an empirical platform for assessing how this policy is contributing to the achievement of the MDG II, and the constitutional right. The key educational indicators which form the basis of the study are gross enrolment at the Junior High school stage, the pass rates for the national examinations at the Junior High school level. It used a survey to assess the opinion of Municipal Education Director, head teachers, teachers and other stakeholders of education regarding the impact of the capitation grant policy on pupils’ enrolment in the municipality. Using the school level data over the period 2000-2012 and the survey of (43) respondents within 14 selected schools captured questions of staff demographics, capitation grant and pupils’ enrolment, capitation grant, and pupils’ performance and capitation grant and its challenges across the Wa Municipality. The finding of the study revealed that the capitation grant has actually led to increase in enrolment of pupils in the basic schools. This paper also reveals that capitation grant has helped in bridging gap between children from poor and rich homes. The study concludes by noting three key policy messages; increase in capitation grant should target disadvantage groups. Again, there should be provision of incentives to schools with good record of progression and completion and effort should go towards the shortening of the capitation grant delivery chain. However, the study notes the fact that, capitation grant alone cannot deliver on good educational outcomes as enshrined in the constitution.
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