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Liver cells regeneration in mammals
Ťažký, Timotej ; Tlapáková, Tereza (advisor) ; Onhajzer, Jakub (referee)
Liver cell regeneration is an important biological process that allows mammals to maintain liver function while recovering from liver damage. Liver cell proliferation serves as the primary mode of liver regeneration, which in hepatocytes is activated by the transition from the G0 to G1 phase of the cell cycle. Proliferation is also promoted by non-parenchymal liver cells among which include Ito cells, Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells of hepatic sinusoids. In a comprehensive analysis of key signaling pathways, it was clearly demonstrated that the Wnt/β catenin, Notch, Hippo, NF-κB, and Hedgehog signaling pathways play a key role in the regulation of liver cell proliferation and differentiation during regeneration. The regenerative potential of the liver is influenced by various factors such as age, extent of damage and health conditions. Additionally, the remarkable regenerative capacity of the liver has clinical implications in the context of liver transplantation, partial hepatectomy and the treatment of liver diseases such as cirrhosis, hepatitis and hepatocellular or cholangiocellular carcinoma. Modulation of key signaling pathways and identification of novel molecular targets can improve the clinical outcomes of patients with liver diseases or even accelerate the entire process of liver...
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