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Financial market and its legal aspects
Špaček, Tomáš ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Sejkora, Tomáš (referee)
The master's thesis on the topic of financial market and its legal aspects aims to analyse the weaknesses in the legal regulation of markets in financial instruments. The thesis is divided into six chapters, introduction and conclusion. The chapters are divided into subchapters. The first chapter defines the financial market and deals with its divisions. Since the legal aspects of financial market are a traditional subject of the study of financial law, the basic concepts of this field are notoriously well known. The first chapter therefore describes only the basic division that is applied to the financial markets. It then goes on to compare existing definition of the financial markets that can be found in academic literature. The second chapter discusses the capital market participants. As certain concepts of financial market might suggest, many different persons might fall into the category of market participants. This chapter, however, discusses selected persons who provide their services on the market in financial instruments. It focuses mainly on investment firm because it provides investors with access to the capital market. The third chapter discusses financial instruments. The fourth chapter concerns investment services that can be provided in relation to financial instruments. The fifth chapter...
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Financial market and its legal aspects
Špaček, Tomáš ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Sejkora, Tomáš (referee)
The master's thesis on the topic of financial market and its legal aspects aims to analyse the weaknesses in the legal regulation of markets in financial instruments. The thesis is divided into six chapters, introduction and conclusion. The chapters are divided into subchapters. The first chapter defines the financial market and deals with its divisions. Since the legal aspects of financial market are a traditional subject of the study of financial law, the basic concepts of this field are notoriously well known. The first chapter therefore describes only the basic division that is applied to the financial markets. It then goes on to compare existing definition of the financial markets that can be found in academic literature. The second chapter discusses the capital market participants. As certain concepts of financial market might suggest, many different persons might fall into the category of market participants. This chapter, however, discusses selected persons who provide their services on the market in financial instruments. It focuses mainly on investment firm because it provides investors with access to the capital market. The third chapter discusses financial instruments. The fourth chapter concerns investment services that can be provided in relation to financial instruments. The fifth chapter...
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Mitochondrial uncoupling and mitochondrial morphology in relation to type-2 diabetes
Špaček, Tomáš ; Ježek, Petr (advisor) ; Kalous, Martin (referee) ; Vařecha, Miroslav (referee)
- 2 - 1 SUMMARY Increased ATP/ADP ratio resulting from enhanced glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation represents a plausible mechanism controlling the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic -cells. Using high resolution respirometry and parallel mitochondrial membrane potential ( m) monitoring we have quantified bioenergetics in rat insulinoma INS-1E cells representing a suitable model for studies of insulin secretion in vitro. Upon glucose addition to glucose-depleted cells, we have demonstrated a simultaneous increase in respiration and m during GSIS and shown that the endogenous state 3/state 4 respiratory ratio hyperbolically increases with glucose, approaching the maximum oxidative phosphorylation rate at maximum GSIS. Attempting to assess the basis of the "toxic" effect of fatty acids on insulin secretion, GSIS has been studied after linoleic acid addition. The linoleic acid addition diminished the observed respiration increase, m jump, and magnitude of insulin release, and reduced state 3/state 4 dependencies on glucose, which was caused by mitochondrial uncoupling. Energetic status of mitochondria, the rate of oxidative phosphorylation, is expressed not only by bioenergetic parameters measurable by classical biophysical methods (e.g. above mentioned respiration and...
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