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Multicomponental polyurethane systems with targeted properties. Preparation and characterization.
Serkis-Rodzeń, Magdalena ; Špírková, Milena (advisor) ; Uchman, Mariusz Marcin (referee) ; Sedláková, Zdeňka (referee)
Thermoplastic polyurethanes (PU) have been widely used for many applications due to their excellent functional properties, recycling included. PUs prepared in this Thesis are based on polycarbonate macrodiols and other bifunctional components, leading to linear solely aliphatic polymer materials. The main part of this study is focused on synthesis and analysis of polyurethane water dispersions (PUDs) and PUD-based films. The novelty of presented herein research involves ecofriendly method for preparation of thermoplastic PUs based on polycarbonates. The PU nanoparticles dispersed in water were measured by scattering methods, whereas the final films were characterized for their morphology and mechanical, thermal and water resistance. A balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts of PUs for the particles stability and the films properties was investigated as well. The PUDs were blended with two types of colloidal silica for improve of the PUD- based films resistances with simultaneous preserving of their thermoplastic character. More significant enhancement was observed for the organic-inorganic nanocomposites containing silica with smaller particles, due to creation of higher physical crosslinking density between the nanofiller and PU matrix. We modified the acetone process of PUDs preparation...
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Scattering and spectroscopic studies of polyelectrolytes and associating block copolymers
Škvarla, Juraj ; Štěpánek, Miroslav (advisor) ; Špírková, Milena (referee) ; Humpolíčková, Jana (referee)
This dissertation focuses on application of scattering and spectroscopic techniques for studies of self-assembled systems of amphiphiles (both polymeric and low-molar mass) and polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions. Special attention was paid to optical methods, namely static, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering and steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, which were supported by a number of other techniques such as small-angle X-ray scattering or transmission electron microscopy. The dissertation brings new results regarding micellization behavior of perfluorinated surfactants, self-assembly and stability of thermoresponsive amphiphilic block copolymers and counterion condensation on polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution.
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Scattering and spectroscopic studies of polyelectrolytes and associating block copolymers
Škvarla, Juraj ; Štěpánek, Miroslav (advisor) ; Špírková, Milena (referee) ; Humpolíčková, Jana (referee)
This dissertation focuses on application of scattering and spectroscopic techniques for studies of self-assembled systems of amphiphiles (both polymeric and low-molar mass) and polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions. Special attention was paid to optical methods, namely static, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering and steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, which were supported by a number of other techniques such as small-angle X-ray scattering or transmission electron microscopy. The dissertation brings new results regarding micellization behavior of perfluorinated surfactants, self-assembly and stability of thermoresponsive amphiphilic block copolymers and counterion condensation on polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution.
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Multicomponental polyurethane systems with targeted properties. Preparation and characterization.
Serkis-Rodzeń, Magdalena ; Špírková, Milena (advisor) ; Uchman, Mariusz Marcin (referee) ; Sedláková, Zdeňka (referee)
Thermoplastic polyurethanes (PU) have been widely used for many applications due to their excellent functional properties, recycling included. PUs prepared in this Thesis are based on polycarbonate macrodiols and other bifunctional components, leading to linear solely aliphatic polymer materials. The main part of this study is focused on synthesis and analysis of polyurethane water dispersions (PUDs) and PUD-based films. The novelty of presented herein research involves ecofriendly method for preparation of thermoplastic PUs based on polycarbonates. The PU nanoparticles dispersed in water were measured by scattering methods, whereas the final films were characterized for their morphology and mechanical, thermal and water resistance. A balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts of PUs for the particles stability and the films properties was investigated as well. The PUDs were blended with two types of colloidal silica for improve of the PUD- based films resistances with simultaneous preserving of their thermoplastic character. More significant enhancement was observed for the organic-inorganic nanocomposites containing silica with smaller particles, due to creation of higher physical crosslinking density between the nanofiller and PU matrix. We modified the acetone process of PUDs preparation...
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Hybrid structures based on montmorillonite/modified starch intercalate
Duchek, P. ; Špírková, Milena
Intercalates based on several commercial cationized starches with degree of substitution D=0.04-0.17, and sodium montmorillonite were prepared. The XRD analyses of resulting organic/inorganic hybrids proved that modification in the starch structure leads to embedding the polycation into montmorillonite clay gallery. Lower degree of starch cationization results in bigger enlargement of the interlayer space in the hybrid structure.
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