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British Logic in the 19th Century
Joachim, Jiří ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šebela, Karel (referee)
According to American philosopher W. W. Bartley, the transition from tradi- tional Aristotelian to Boolean logic is a revolutionary milestone in the history of logic. The work of George Boole which was followed by a developement of a mathematicaly oriented logic brings a shift of paradigm. In my thesis I follow the period in which the shift is said to have happened. I explicate the elements of syllogistic and its main conceptions as expounded in a textbook The Rudiments of Logic written by Henry Aldrich. Furthermore I demon- strate logical systems of three authors: Archbishop Richard Whately, George Boole and Lewis Carroll. I accent the connection of those systems and the practical aspect of logic. With this in mind I consider Bartley's statement and estimate the role of the rules in the systems and its possible use in three domains circumscribed in Aldriches book: simple apprehension, judgement and discourse. 1
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Questions bordering on meaninglessness in analytical philosophy
Holasová, Karolina ; Arazim, Pavel (advisor) ; Šebela, Karel (referee)
An objective of classical analytical philosophy was to define a philosopher proposition via modern logics. Because of that, they started to examine what is and what is not a meaningful question which it makes sense to answer. As succesors of a great philosoph G. Frege logical positivists such as Rudolf Carnap, Wittgenstein, Schlick or Ayer approached the problem of language and especially of the language of philosphy very criticaly. The reason why they decided to question a meaningful proposition was because many questions of their fellow non-analytical philosophers such as for example Heidegger were considered by logical positivists as nonsensical. The result of their inquiry was that some logical positivists even excluded questions of ethics and aesthetics, or, for example the question whether God exists or whether our soul is immortal. But theses questions are important and it is very natural to assume an attitude towards them. Our thesis will examine the attitudes towards these questions of several analytical philospohers . Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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British Logic in the 19th Century
Joachim, Jiří ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šebela, Karel (referee)
According to American philosopher W. W. Bartley, the transition from tradi- tional Aristotelian to Boolean logic is a revolutionary milestone in the history of logic. The work of George Boole which was followed by a developement of a mathematicaly oriented logic brings a shift of paradigm. In my thesis I follow the period in which the shift is said to have happened. I explicate the elements of syllogistic and its main conceptions as expounded in a textbook The Rudiments of Logic written by Henry Aldrich. Furthermore I demon- strate logical systems of three authors: Archbishop Richard Whately, George Boole and Lewis Carroll. I accent the connection of those systems and the practical aspect of logic. With this in mind I consider Bartley's statement and estimate the role of the rules in the systems and its possible use in three domains circumscribed in Aldriches book: simple apprehension, judgement and discourse. 1
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