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Adsorption of radionuclides in granite pores and micropores
Šindelář, Jakub ; Mls, Jiří (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jaromír (referee)
Adsorption of radionuclides in granite pores and micropores ABSTRACT This graduation thesis deals with laboratory determination of adsorption isotherms parameters. Granite from the central moldanubian pluton, site Panské Dubenky, Czech Republic, was chosen to the experiment. The place is one of the candidate sites to build a deep nuclear waste disposal. A batch experiment was performed in two modes, differing in the way of addition of radioactive nuclide 90 Sr. From this experiment, distribution coefficients for a linear isotherm or parameters for Langmuir isotherm were obtained. Beside this, a through-diffusion experiment was performed. The objective of this experiment was to identify whether some of the radionuclides used (137 Cs, 90 Sr, 125 I) is able to penetrate through the pores of a granite slice barrier between two solutions of different concentrations. During the period of the experiment no radionuclide was detected reliably.
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Importance and occurrence of chromium in hydrogeology
Sadloň, Matúš ; Nedvěd, Jakub (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jaromír (referee)
in English Chromium, particularly its two most stable oxidation states - hexavalent and trivalent chromium - plays a very significant role in the environment. While trivalent chromium is an essential nutrient both for humans and plants, hexavalent chromium proved to be one of the most dangerous contaminants negatively affecting people and the environment on a wide- ranging scale. This thesis aims to provide a complex overview of chromium occurrence in various natural systems, its physical and chemical properties as well as its mobility in the environment. Furthermore, the thesis will describe two case studies (from Greece and India), which illustrate both the natural and anthropogenic sources of hexavalent chromium contamination. Due to its mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, a complex set of remediation methods was suggested for hexavalent chromium removal, including both in-situ and ex-situ ones. Given their proven record in successful elimination of hexavalent chromium contamination from groundwater, in-situ methods are being utilised far more frequently nowadays; these will be explained more comprehensively. The most notable categories of in- situ remediation methods include biological and chemical reduction, chemical precipitation and chemical sorption. Besides these, other promising...
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