|
|
Utilization of treated wastewater in a drip irrigation system
Šalanda, Pavel ; Innemanová, Petra (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
Drought has an increasing importance in the Czech republic. It is necessary to look for potential irrigation water sources, which are important for agriculture. Treated wastewater can be one of them. It has potentially negative impact on soil physico-chemical properties, which is well-known from many researches in arid regions. The aim of this diploma thesis was to investigate, if the drip irrigation with treated wastewater (from constructed wetland) also has a potentially negative impact on two soils in the Czech republic. In one year experiment drip irrigation with treated wastewater was carried out in the greenhouse. Four treatments of irrigation was used for both soils - irrigation with treated wastewater, irrigation with groundwater, irrigation with treated wastewater + rainwater, irrigation with groundwater + rainwater. An amount of rainwater correspond with total precipitation of two locations, where the soils were brought from (Kostelec nad Ohří - Ústí nad Labem region and Hostětín - Zlín region). pH and electrical conductivity of soil leachate, total concentration of Na, K, Ca, Mg a P, bulk density, particle density and porosity was measured in both soils in 5 and 10 centimeters from source of irrigation. Values of pH of soil leachate fluctuated in every treatment in both soils during the...
|
|
|
Biodegradable plastics in the waste management system
Šalanda, Pavel ; Innemanová, Petra (advisor) ; Hnátková, Tereza (referee)
Plastics are currently widely used material. Their disadvantage is bad environmental sustainability. Therefore, since the 1970s new materials have been searched for that would be able to replace the old ones. The most successful is the production of so-called biodegradable plastics (or in general bioplastics). We get them mainly from plant substrates, they have great diversity (300 types) and quite different properties. Currently they have been implemented into practice but their production does not exceed 1% of total plastic production so far. The thesis deals with the question how to handle these materials at the end of their life. In the first part the behaviour of biodegradable plastics in particular end devices and their consequences are outlined. The objective is to choose the best possible disposal option. Comparing recycling with conventional plastics, composting, anaerobic digestion, incineration or landfilling, the best option is to lead their waste stream to energy recovery facilities. Several bioplastics degrade well in aerobic conditions of composting plants or anaerobic reactors of biogas plants. However, surface disposal is in a universal way is possible due to different properties only by the burning process. The second, final part deals with the optimization of the operation of...
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
