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Fiscal benefits and environmental costs of the corporate tax race to the bottom
Čep, Jiří ; Palanský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to compare the fiscal benefits and environmen- tal costs of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) gained through lowering the corporate tax. We achieve this by utilizing a dataset constructed from multiple sources, primarily World Bank, UN, and UNU WIDER. It encom- passes 223 countries and territories between 1990 and 2020. In the three-step model, we first explain the variation in FDI due to a change in the corpo- rate tax rate, later investigate the effect of the change of FDI on government corporate tax revenue, and finally, we examine the effect of FDI change on CO2 emissions. We then convert those to monetary terms using the social costs of carbon mechanics. The results show that although we have discovered a significant positive fiscal effect of corporate tax cut, we have failed to prove the existence of a causal relationship between FDI change and change in CO2 emissions per capita. Moreover, we did not find evidence of this relationship on any regional or development level. We verified the existence of a positive impact of corporate tax cut on incoming FDI. Keywords Corporate taxation, greenhouse gas emissions, social costs of carbon, for- eign direct investment, tax havens
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Public Procurement Procedures and Their Effects: Evidence from the EU
Čep, Jiří ; Palanský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Matoušek, Jindřich (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to analyze the effect the choice of procurement procedure has on the price of public procurement. We achieve this by investigating the dataset on public procurement data in the EU by the Digiwhist project. In the presented model, we explain the variation in the difference of final and estimated price of procurement as a function of procurement procedure used and a set of auction characteristics such as the number of bidders, contract complexity, type of supply and others. The results show that the open procedure is generally superior to its alternatives in terms of monetary savings. We also demonstrate that in the open procedure, the largest part of the cost reduction comes from the competition effect caused by the number of bidders present, whereas other procedures are not as sensitive to changes in the number of bidders. We find that the average number of bidders is significantly lower than the optimal number would be. 1
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