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Effect of physical exercise on adipose tissue characteristics: influence of obesity and aging
Čížková, Terezie ; Šiklová, Michaela (advisor) ; Horníková, Daniela (referee)
Obesity and ageing are associated with the changes in adipose tissue characteristics, which are con- sidered as one of important contributors to development of complications, such as cardiovascular diseases or type 2 diabetes. Physical exercise is known to be effective in prevention of diseases rela- ted to obesity and ageing. However, the effect of exercise on adipose tissue characteristics is only few elucidated in humans. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the main effects of exer- cise on adipose tissue characteristics. This thesis subsequently discuss detrimental changes (dysfunction) of the adipose tissue in obesity. Recent findings about the effects of some types of physical training on health of the elderly people are also mentioned. The initial chapter deals with adipose tissue in general, concretely the morphology, metabolism and endocrine function of the adipose tissue are described. Next part is focused on obesity, the concept of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state is introduced. The key section is the fourth chapter, in which the effects of exer- cise on adipose tissue, i.e. effects on metabolism of adipocytes and activation of immune cells, are reviewed. At the end of this thesis, the pathophysiological changes in inflammatory state and adi- pose tissue distribution associated...
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Effect of regular physical exercise on metabolism of adipose tissue in elderly
Čížková, Terezie ; Šiklová, Michaela (advisor) ; Horáková, Olga (referee)
Ageing is associated with changes in body composition, which is caused by decreases in muscle mass and a progressive increase of fat mass. It is also associated with redistribution of adipose tissue with increased visceral and ectopic fat deposition. These changes are related to insulin resistance and other metabolic disturbances. Adipose tissue dysfunction is important contributor to the disturbed metabolic status of elderly and it is characterized by altered adipogenesis, metabolic flexibility and changes in secretory activity. Regular exercise is indisputably a key part of a healthy lifestyle. It was shown to improve muscle function, cardiovascular fitness and metabolic health of elderly. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether a regular physical exercise can influence characteristics of an adipose tissue in elderly women, and if these changes in the adipose tissue can contribute to an improvement in an insulin sensitivity. In the two groups of elderly women, a long-term trained and a sedentary, the subcutaneous adipose tissue was analyzed for a gene expression of number of metabolic genes, an adipocyte size and a lipolytic rate at the basal state and after the isoproterenol stimulation. Anthropometric parameters and insulin sensitivity were also determined. Outcomes of this thesis...
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Effect of physical exercise on adipose tissue characteristics: influence of obesity and aging
Čížková, Terezie ; Šiklová, Michaela (advisor) ; Horníková, Daniela (referee)
Obesity and ageing are associated with the changes in adipose tissue characteristics, which are con- sidered as one of important contributors to development of complications, such as cardiovascular diseases or type 2 diabetes. Physical exercise is known to be effective in prevention of diseases rela- ted to obesity and ageing. However, the effect of exercise on adipose tissue characteristics is only few elucidated in humans. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the main effects of exer- cise on adipose tissue characteristics. This thesis subsequently discuss detrimental changes (dysfunction) of the adipose tissue in obesity. Recent findings about the effects of some types of physical training on health of the elderly people are also mentioned. The initial chapter deals with adipose tissue in general, concretely the morphology, metabolism and endocrine function of the adipose tissue are described. Next part is focused on obesity, the concept of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state is introduced. The key section is the fourth chapter, in which the effects of exer- cise on adipose tissue, i.e. effects on metabolism of adipocytes and activation of immune cells, are reviewed. At the end of this thesis, the pathophysiological changes in inflammatory state and adi- pose tissue distribution associated...
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