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The Italian gerund and its Czech equivalents: a parallel-corpus based study
Jarkovská, Jana ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee)
The Italian gerund and its Czech equivalents: a parallel-corpus based study The Italian gerund is a frequent indefinite verbal form. It's usually used in different verbal constructions or in implicit phrases. In those it can have various functions. We can classify gerundio modale, strumentale, temporale, causale, ipotetico, concessivo and gerundio coordinato. In this study is used a Czech-Italian parallel corpus InterCorp to analyze the gerund closer. It was found out that the most frequent gerunds in italian texts are these: facendo, cercando, guardando, dicendo, parlando, essendo, lasciando, pensando, avendo, passando, seguendo, andando, ridendo, sorridendo, indicando, vedendo, diventando, tenendo, correndo and dando. A sub-corpus, texts by I. Calvino, was chosen in order to compare these most common forms in general with the most frequent gerunds from single texts. The study analyzes particular examples of the gerunds, their functions and their translations into the Czech language in this sub-corpus. The different types of translations are classified according to the classification made by S. Hamplová in her Mluvnice italštiny (Italian Grammar). In accordance with this source the gerund in the sub-corpus is mostly translated by a coordinated or subordinated phrase, a nominal construction or by a...
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The auxiliary choice in the dialects of Corropoli and Nereto
Hončová, Markéta ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Hamplová, Sylva (referee) ; Klímová, Eva (referee)
This paper analyses the issue of auxiliary choice in middle Italian dialects spoken in areas of Corropoli and Nereto (TE). The study deriving from data elicited through series of questionnaires consists of two main parts. The first part provides primarily description of phonetic and morphosyntactic plan of both dialects. Based on syntactic and lexical semantic theories (BURZIO, LEONE, VINCENT, CENTINEO, SORACE, BENTLEY - EYTHÓRSSON and others), the second part forms a platform for comparison of auxiliary choice in Italian language with a system, which does not reflect split intransitivity, but depends on grammatical person and tense, valid in both dialects.
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Punctuation in Italian language - rules and usage
Papayová, Tereza ; Špaček, Jiří (advisor) ; Štichauer, Pavel (referee)
The title of this thesis is Punctuation - rules and usage. Before we start the description of the punctuation and its rules, we devote a few pages to the historical development of punctuation marks, starting with dots at three different heights marking pauses in recited text at the beginning, through new style of punctuation established by Bembo and Manuzio, finishing with special forms of punctuation of the information age and on-line communication. For comparison I've included a short chapter describing the evolution of punctuation in Czech. The main source of information for this historical introduction was the book Storia della punteggiatura in Europa. The introduction is followed by a more detailed treatise on punctuation, its specific functions and its importance for the comprehension of written text. The section concerning the prosodic functions of punctuation will briefly discuss the problem of the relation between written and spoken language. The following section will describe the individual punctuation marks explaining their function and rules governing their usage according to grammars. Three different grammars were consulted as neither gives a comprehensive summary of punctuation rules and the fact that they use slightly inconsistent terminology. Apart from the grammars, I've derived...
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Subjunctive vs. indicative in subordinate clauses
Jungwirthová, Klára ; Špaček, Jiří (advisor) ; Štichauer, Pavel (referee)
Subjunctive, Indicative, subordinated clauses The aim of this thesis is to give a brief summary of the usage of subjunctive in subordinated clauses, to divide the classification into cases when: a) the subjunctive is obligatory, b) the subjunctive is a stylistic choice, c) subjununctive and indicative change the meaning of the statement. In the mean part the thesis should be concentrated on those forms (after impersonal expressions, verbs, conjunctiones, in the sequence of tenses, in the indirect questions), where we can observe that the usage is changing. The exemplification should be grounded meanly in the on-line corpus of written Italian. The partial finding out shoul be accompanied by an analytic comment. At the end of the thesis the results shoul be organized and evaluated.
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Verb-noun compounds in Italian and in Portuguese
Čižinská, Klára ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee)
Verb-noun compounds in Italian and in Portuguese. Verb-noun compounding represents from the synchronic aspect a very productive word-formation process. The research in corpus La Repubblica and CETEMPúblico revealed that according to the number of created lemmas in both languages the most efficient type is porta+N. In Italian follow types as salva+N, mangia+N, acchiappa+N and ammazza+N, in Portuguese caça+N, guarda+N a papa+N. Compound V-N is clasified as subordinate and exocentric. Subject, to which Italian and Portuguese compound V-N is referring to, is the most often an instrument. In Portuguese a referent category of plants and animals is also present very frequently. The compound elements in Italian are usually amalgamated, in contrast to Portuguese where forms with hyphen are the most common. The output category of V-N formation is a substantive which is mostly in unmarked gender and in invariable plural form. In syntax the compound can perform both function of a substantive and an adjective. Compounds as noun-modifiers occur mostly at very productive types.
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The application of the multimedia in Italian teaching
Malá, Radka ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Loucká, Hana (referee)
The objective ofthis master's thesis 'The Application ofthe Multimedia in ltalian Teaching' is to find a variety of new ideas for using technology while teaching ltalian to adult students. lt provides the reader with lesson plans as well as theoretical background. Blended learning, as we usually refer to implementing ICT tools into teaching, has become a way to enhance more traditional face-to-face lessons. Students expect teachers to apply technology, which is a natural part of their everyday lives, into their lessons and tend to appreciate the variety and interactivity it brings along. ln the first part, the paper aims to give a brief outlook of history of the approach which can be considered as a predecessor to blended leaming. lt goes on to present benefits as well as drawbacks ofimplementing technology into ltalian classes and to look at how the teacher's role in a blended course has changed compared to a traditional face-to-face one. lt also briefly describes the most common teaching methods and organisational forms of teaching in order to apply them into the following lesson plans. The second part of the paper introduces individual technologies in detail and suggests a number of ways to use them effectively in ltalian lessons. lt strives to bring ideas which learners with diverse needs could benefit...
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Syntactic differences between Italiano Letterario and Italiano Neostandard
Streublová, Denisa ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee)
Syntactic Differences between Italiano Letterario and Italiano Neostandard This diploma thesis focuses on two usages of Italian language: Italiano Letterario and Italiano Neostandard, and syntactic differences between these too. The aim of the paper is to list these differences, describe them and prove them as vital via an analysis of several contemporary Italian texts. The thesis is divided into two basic parts. The first part is rather theory-focused and its aim is to define both terms Italiano Letterario and Italiano Neostandard, present the development of the language since the 1860, when Italiano Letterario was set, describe the main features of Neostandard (including the differences between written and spoken variations), briefly outline the changes of the literary language during the course of the 20th century and list and describe in detail the syntactic features of Neostandard. First we described the language situation at time of Italian unification. There was an urge for a single language to be appropriate for every communication situation. The Lombardian writer Alessandro Manzoni, who dedicated all his life to the question of language, came up with the solution he had also applied in the ultimate version of his masterpiece The Betrothed (I Promessi Sposi). The novel was written in the...
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Italian and corsican verbal periphrases
Svojtková, Tereza ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee)
This thesis will shed light on the system of verbal periphrases in the Italian and Corsican languages. First, both the theoretical and actual functioning of verbal periphrases in an array of global languages will be delineated. Italian verbal periphrases will be the focus of the second movement of this thesis and the third part of our reasoning will underscore the linguisitic similarities of the Italián and Corsican verbal periphrases, concluding with the sociohistorical aspects of the Corsican language to culminate in the portrayal of current usage trends.
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Elzeviro as an inseparable part of the Corriere della Sera
Švarcová, Magdaléna ; Špaček, Jiří (referee) ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor)
Elzeviro is a unique Italian genre, not easily classifiable for its particular position in between journalism and literature. For more than one hundred years, elzeviro has made its appearance on the Terza pagina (the "Third page"), the culture page, and another typically Italian phenomenon. The "Third page" with its elzeviro was once an inseparable part of all major Italian newspapers. In the past century, elzeviro saw its boom and full bloom in the twenties and in the thirties mostly due to a number of famous Italian authors who regularly contributed with their elzeviroes to this culture page. Among all, let's mention Emilio Cecchi, according to some critics the best elzevirist ever. After the WWII, mainly in the sixties and in the seventies, elzeviro starts to loose a considerable number of readers; the variety of topics discussed within elzeviro gets rapidly thinner till it reduces itself only to literature. In these days, the Terza pagina and elzeviro are still comprised within the culture section of the Corriere della Sera, the most widespread Italian newspaper. The modern elzeviro deals exclusively with literature. It is difficult to find an adequate definition for elzeviro. Originally, the topics were not restricted only to literature; they were of a much vaster variety ranging from history,...
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Passive forms in Italian and Czech from the perspective of functional styles
Čechová, Petra ; Obstová, Zora (advisor) ; Štichauer, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to theoretically describe periphrastic and reflexive passive in both Italian and Czech language, to establish approximate frequency of Italian periphrastic passive in different functional styles with the help of parallel corpus InterCorp (version 8) and to analyse the means of its translation into Czech. The initial theoretical part deals with a brief description of grammatical categories of verbs, then it focuses on grammatical voice and diathesis and it discuss further the differences in the notion of these terms. Subsequent chapters deal with formal aspects of the passive in both Italian and Czech, with its function and with the restrictions of its use. The last chapter describes the use of the passive in functional styles. The following practical part describes in brief InterCorp and subsequently deals with the problem of analysing the approximate frequency of periphrastic passive in the belles-lettres, newspapers and official type of texts. Finally, it analyses 200 instances of the periphrastic passive in each of the previously mentioned functional styles and it focuses on the means of its translation into Czech.
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