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The vitrification methods used for the high active waste from spent nuclear fuel reprocessing.
Machová, Pavlína ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Jelínek, Emil (referee)
This thesis summarizes the general concepts regarding the High-level waste vitrification. It describes the one-stage and two-stage principles of vitrification and special method "cold crucible". There are summarized advantages and disadvantages of these methods. In this thesis are specific of vitrification facilities around the world. There are the general characteristics of glass used for immobilization High- level waste. Most countries use borosilicate glass, but only in Russia are used phosphate glass. There is shown the composition range of glass and compare their typical properties. This thesis ends with an example of the chemical composition of certain ending vitrification products.
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Radioactive medicinal springs in the Skalná - Bad Brambach area
Turnová, Štěpánka ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Vylita, Tomáš (referee)
Radiohydrochemical exploration took place in east part of the "smrčinský" pluton between "Skalná-Plesná-Bad Brambach in years 2016-2018. The main aim of the exploration was location and thorough research of possible occurrence of waters with radioactive concretation higher than 1500 Bq/l. That is a value for radioactive mineral waters given by the "lázeňským" law number 164/2001 Sb. Most important area is Plesná-south where was discovered several springs with values exceeding 5000 Bq/l. Eminent spring is called "Břetislav-Radonka" and lies one kilometre southwest from the train station Plesná-Šneky with an activity of about 12.5 kBq / l 222 Rn and a flow rate of about 2.5 l / min. It is the most active surface discharge of radon mineral water in the Czech Republic Another significant source area is north of Skalna - north. These springs were discovered almost 60 years ago, Dr. Marie Zukriegelová. The main source of this area was named after its discoverer - the "Marie Z" spring with an activity of 5800 Bq / l 222 Rn.Further the research focused on historical radioactive conduit which were used to supply village Skalné with water. The conduit was separated on two "branches" and the younger one was built ten years after the first one. In both pipes were found radioactive waters and the most important...
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Comparison of oxyhumolite of the Sokolov basin with materials which are using in spa and alternative medicin and its possible usage in these spheres
Dúcka, Barbora ; Rojík, Petr (advisor) ; Goliáš, Viktor (referee)
This work deal with a brief characterization of three materials, namely oxyhumolite and sapropelite from Sokolov basin that are compared with peat from Františkovy Lázně. The sampling localities are briefly geographically and geologically described including the genesis of the deposits. All materials are specifically characterized by analysis. The materials are compared based on the results of the analysis. Greater attentinon is paid to the comparison of sulfur content, humic acides and warmth retention. A part of the work is devoted to description of peloids and their influence on the human organism. The history of using peloids is briefly discussed. The possibility of using oxyhumolite and sapropelite for production of natural cosmetics or for balneological use is examined as a replacement for native and especially for regenerated peat.
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Radioactivity of building materials
Kocíková, Pavla ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Třískala, Zdeněk (referee)
The work examines the issue of radioactivity of construction materials. The introduction deals with the approach to radioactivity from the general and legislative points of view and its origin and division. It briefly mentions units of activity. It further deals with the issue of radioactivity in construction materials as such, the issue of emerging radon and emanation of construction materials. The second part of the work focuses on extreme cases of use of unsuitable construction raw materials in the building industry in the history of the Czech Republic, specifically houses in Jáchymov, aerated concrete produced in Poříčí near Trutnov and prefabricated houses START. The closing part deals with the system of evaluation of natural radionuclide content in construction materials under the applicable legislation and it briefly describes the procedure of manufacturers and importers of construction materials in case of exceeding limit values.
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Sulphidic mineralization in the vicinity of the Bílina fault
Markes, Jan ; Zachariáš, Jiří (advisor) ; Goliáš, Viktor (referee)
The neoidic sulphide mineralization located in tertiary sediments of Lom Bílina in Bílina's fault is of hydrothermal origin. The sulphidic mineralization is associated with fault systems of Eger rift and temperature of fluid crystallization was about 50řC. The mineralization of Bílina's fault is rather monotonous, the marcasite and pyrite is mostly found without a trace elements. In the crystals were also registered zones with the contents of trace elements, especially As and Ni. The contents of As enriched precipitation zones were fluctuating from 0,2 to 5,4 wt. %, Ni enriched zones were ranged from 1,6 to 5,9 wt. %. The precipitation zones with increased As and Ni content were very thin, there were very short time intervals of As and Ni enriched fluids precipitation. In the marcasite crystals were also found the porous zones of clay mineral microinclusions. These zones showed higher content of Al and Si. There is high abundance of Fe-disulfides at Bílina's fault-dispersed in coal bed, or bonded to tectonic zone of the Bílina's fault. Pyrite and marcasite are dispersed in the coal bed and genetially aren't related to sulphides bonded to Bílina's fault.
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