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Optical response of magnetic materials
Wagenknecht, David ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (advisor)
David Wagenknecht: Abstract of a diploma thesis Optical response of magnetic materials, 2014 Magnetooptical properties of anisotropic semiconductors are studied to describe asymmetry of Ga1−xMnxAs, because theoretical calculations predict extraordinary behaviour of reflectivity. Analytical formulae to describe materials with non-diagonal permittivity are derived and they are used for the numerical calculations to describe the optical response of the samples available for the measurement. The transversal Kerr effect is calculated and it exhibits asymmetry in both rotation of the plane of polarization and ellipticity of circularly polarized light due to asymmetry in reflectivity. Moreover, longitudinal and polar magnetization are studied because of the influence on the observability of the phenomena. Results are not only used to discuss conditions, which must be satisfied to prove the asymmetry, but also the actual experimental setup is designed to prepare the measurement. 1
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Nonlinear interactions of terahertz radiation
Kadlec, Josef ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (advisor) ; Němec, Hynek (referee)
Conductivity of semicoductor nanostructures has its maximum in terahertz spectral range. Linear response is described in reasonable detail. With high intensity light sources it is also needed to be concerned with nonlinear response. In this thesis, there is firstly described already existing quantum model of linear conductivity which is using perturbation theory. This model is then extended by adding another perturbations, getting us quantum model for calculating nonlinear conductivity of arbitrary order. Model is then applied for calculation of third order nonlinear conductivity spectra for cubic nanocrystal. There is described spectra for varying parametres, such as tempera- ture, volume, electron density or scattering rate. In the end it is compared with semiclassical compuptation using Monte-Carlo simu- lation. 1
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Theory of magneto-optics
Zálešák, Ondřej ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (advisor) ; Janda, Tomáš (referee)
Magnetic properties of matter have an effect on their optical response. These properties depend on the microscopic structure of the matter and we distinguish several basic types of magnetism. In the latest research, scientists focus on tri- angualr antiferromagnets and their use in technology, for example in spintronics. We describe the magnetic material by permittivity tensor. Description of the response of the material is derived from Maxwell equations and the reflected light is described by its polarization and ellipticity. Then we model triangular antiferromagnets Γ5g and Γ4g configuration. 1
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Terahertz radiation in nanostructures
Klimovič, Filip ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (advisor) ; Němec, Hynek (referee)
V této teoretické práci se zabýváme kvantově mechanickými jevy, jež jsou spjaté s vodi- vostními elektrony uzavřenými v kvantových tečkách. Nejprve je odvozen model nanokrys- talu jakožto potenciálové jámy. Při tom se ukazuje, že pouze objem, ne tvar, je významným parametrem modelu pro účely terahertzové spektroskopie. Studované geometrie jsou tak vzájemně zaměnitelné a výběr mezi nimi m·že zjednodušit dané úlohy. Pro zkoumání depo- larizačních efekt·, které jsou zahrnuty v depolarizačním faktoru v Maxwell Garnettově teorii efektivního prostředí, je zvolena sférická symetrie. V rámci poruchy prvního řádu je vyřešena Poissonova rovnice pro elektrony rozmístěné uvnitř koule podle vlnové funkce a je určen depo- larizační faktor. Zatímco v klasické limitě tento nabývá p·vodní hodnoty, pro nanokrystaly se zvyšuje a maxima je dosaženo v ne-degenerovaném režimu, kdy je obsazen pouze základní stav. Navýšení depolarizačního faktoru posouvá plasmonovou rezonanci směrem k vyšším frekvencím. 1
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Terahertz radiation in nanostructures
Hendrych, Erik ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kozák, Martin (referee)
We explore conductivity of nanostructures in the terahertz range. We model the nanostructure as a square potential well with a barrier inside. We examine how the conductivity depends on temperature, material constants and dimensions of the potential well. The conductivity of the material determines the complex refractive index and thus influences its optical properties such as reflexivity, transmittance and attenuation coefficient. We construct the functional dependency of the conductivity on the electric field frequency. The maxima of this functional dependency correspond to spectral lines. We examined the dependency of the frequencies of the maxima (spectral lines) on various parameters. We got the most interesting result when we continuously changed the position of the barrier inside the potential well. For different heights of the barrier we got qualitatively different results. With high barrier the system behaves as two separate potential wells where we can see monotonous functional dependency of the spectral lines on the position of the barrier. With low potential barrier we get oscillating dependencies. For gallium arsenide and 2 nm width of the potential barrier, high barrier is higher than 1 eV, while low barrier is lower than 0, 05 eV.
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Linear terahertz spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures
Kadlec, Josef ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (advisor) ; Výborný, Karel (referee)
In this thesis there is used quantum model of electron conductivity of semiconductor nanostructures introduced in [4].Conductivity is calculated in first order perturbation theory with addition of thermalization current. Main focus of this thesis is concerned on calculation of conductivity of crystal shaped full or hollow sphere with use of above mentioned model. Calculated equation is then used for numerical calculation of conductivity spectra of GaAs in terahertz region, that is then graphically visualised.
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Novel technique for characterization of ultrashort optical pulses
Peterka, Pavel ; Kozák, Martin (advisor) ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (referee)
Ultrashort laser pulses are nowadays widely used in both the basic and applied reseach as well as in a wide range of applications. Application of laser pulses requires their complete characterization from the point of view of temporal evolution of field amplitude and frequency on femtosecond timescales. This thesis is focused on a new method for ultrashort pulse characterization, which involves measuring spectral interference between input pulse and the pulse transmitted through a medium with cubic nonlinear susceptibility. The new method is inte- resting compared to the established techniques mainly because of its simplicity, as it requires only one medium with cubic nonlinear susceptibility and a spectro- meter. We have implemented the technique experimentally and determined pulse duration and phase for ideally compressed pulse.
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Ultrafast response of electrons in nanostructured and disordered semiconductor systems studied by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy
Zajac, Vít ; Kužel, Petr (advisor) ; Lloyd-Hughes, James (referee) ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (referee)
of Doctoral Thesis Title: Ultrafast response of electrons in nanostructured and disordered semiconductor systems studied by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy Author: Vít Zajac Department / Institute: Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: doc. RNDr. Petr Kužel, Ph.D., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Abstract: This thesis deals with charge transport in semiconducting nanomaterials on the picosecond time scale studied by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy. The problematics of the effective response of composite materials is reviewed and the VBD effective medium model is formulated. The wave equation for the THz probing pulse propagating through inhomogeneously excited percolated and non-percolated semiconducting nanomaterials is solved. This theory is used to investigate charge transport in samples of nanoporous-Si-derived nanocrystals and in epitaxial Si nanocrystal superlattices. The experimental spectra are successfully modeled with the use of Monte Carlo calculations of charge carrier mobility in nanocrystals of corresponding sizes and degrees of percolation within the VBD approximation. It is found that nanocrystals from different regions of the nanocrystal size distribution of the sample dominate the signal in THz and...
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