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Microfinance - effective instrument of poverty solution, yes or not?
Švecová, Jana ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This baccalaureate thesis deals with the efficiency of microfinance (or more precisely microfinance institution - MFIs). First part of the work is focused on problems of poverty, which is intensely connected with the function of microfinance, and then on economic theories, chiefly on asymmetric information. Further my work indicates not only basic definition of microfinance and MFIs, but also history and principles of microfinance. There are also mentioned results of activities of MFIs and also some limitations of concept of microfinance. In the next part deals work with consider the effectiveness of granting credit through MFIs in terms of various indicators. In the end of this thesis are mentioned two real cases from practice, when microfinance really contributes to improvement way of people's life in developing countries.
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A suitable background of the mortgage crisis in the United states
Pištejová, Jana ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to deliver a suitable background of the mortgage crisis in the United states, which was one of the cause of financial crisis in this country as such. Because of the globalization, the crisis has spread almost everywhere. Theoretical part includes namely description of the crisis and it points out some mechanisms, which induced the US economy into the consequent recession. Also the mortgage bubble could evocate the recession. The main concern will be given to the indebtedness of american households and to transmision mechanisms in the economy itself. I will also try to analyse the role of condifedence in the economy when it comes to paying off debts and treating liabilities in general when the economy reached its business cycle peak.
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Application of Problems of Macroeconomic Disequilibrium: Outline of Run of Business Cycle in the Economy of Germany in the Years 1990 - 2006
Kloudová, Dana ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the business cycle phenoma. First part is theoretical and is focused on characteristics of business cycles, especially on investigating causes of economic fluctuations (demand and supply shocks), types, phases, and history of business cycles. Then, monitoring and analysis of business cycle follow, when the indicators of internal and external disequilibrium is to analysed. From indicators of the internal disequilibrium a very special focus is put on inflation rate, difference between real output and potential output (output gap), and unemployment rate. External disequilibrium is analysed through the current account balance as a percentage of GDP. Next chapter of the theoretical part is dedicated to aggregate demand and its components, aggregate supply and macroeconomic (dis)equilibrium. In this work the attention is paid to both fiscal and monetary policy, which can substantially influence length and behaviour of a business cycle. Second part is analytical and addresses business cycle in the economy of Germany since its reunification (1990) to 2006. This time period is separated into several parts. Every part is specific and will be analysed separately. Selected macroeconomic indicators are also to analysed by econometric models, and then their influence on the behaviour of the business cycle is evaluated. In conclusion, a broad prospect of the future business cycle development is outlined.
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Stárnutie pracovnej sily a veková diskriminácia na trhu práce
Porubská, Lenka ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
Discrimination as well as ageing populations are very discussed topics nowadays. It can be viewed from population, demografic or economic point of view. The aim of this paper is to discover, if those two concepts have some common economic relations with regard to labour market. We will see that Czech Republic is not any different from other EU member states in dealing with age discrimination, ageing populations or changing in productive age limits. In this paper I will model the situations in which age discrimination could, but does not have to occur, and I will give legal reasons for it. I will also show how the ageing populations influence labour market and what consequences does it have. I will compare the statistic data with my own research and draw a situation in Czech Republic. I will focus on population of higher age and with anonymous questionnaire I will describe this problem from their point of view.
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Zlato, jeho vliv na moderní svět financí, determinanty jeho ceny a případová studie - Rusko
Zatloukalová, Martina ; Schwarz, Jiří (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
Zlato je bezesporu důležitým nástrojem v moderním světě financí a cílem mé práce je zamyslet se nad tím, zda je ve svých funkcích nahraditelné. Krátce zmíním i historii produkce a regulace této komodity a její dřívější funkce, protože tím lépe pochopíme její roli v nynějším finančním světě. Také bych se pokusila specifikovat indikátory ceny zlata a tím analyzovat trendy v poptávce a nabídce. To vysvětlím pomocí výpočtů korelačních koeficientů, které určují závislost dané komodity na vnějších faktorech. Dále připojím případovou detailní studii o těžbě a ložiskách zlata v Rusku a případné změny způsobu těžby. Zamyslím se nad tím, zda by do budoucna mohly tyto změny ve způsobu těžby ovlivnit cenu zlata, vezmeme-li v úvahu, že je Rusko významným exportérem zlata na světě.
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Out-of business activities
Rožánková, Alice ; Heřmanský, Pavel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
The goal of this study is to compare the influance of a tax system on the out-of business activities of companies. I would like to answer the question of the motivation to the philantrophy activities and this should be the result of the analysis of the out-of business acitivities acording to different tax systems. The analysis will be made on the example of the one of the greatest telecommunication organization of the world -- Telefónica O2 Europe (Spain) and Telefónica O2 Czech Republic. In the theoretic part of this study I would like to describe the out-of business activities from the point of view of the community (Corporate Social Responsibility), activities for the region and possibilities of the companies participation.
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Subprime crisis and behaviour of central banks in reaction to this crisis
Hlaváčková, Kateřina ; Kovářík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This essay deals with emergence, collapse and concequences of the credit crisis called subprime crisis culminating in the August of 2007. There are J.A. Schumpeter's economic theories used in this work that are relevant to discuss the beginning and developement of this crisis. As importat of these theories I consider the theory of business cycle which may be applied to Great Depression from the Thirties of Twentieth Century. At the beginning of this thesis I am focusing on the theory of endogenous money as a fundament for financial crisis analyse. Further I argue about the behaviour of bankers changing within the business cycle. I describe the behaviour of Federal Reserve officials over the course of the subprime crisis and subsequently the response of the central banks to the crisis. Finally I deal with the Minsky's perspective on the credit crunch.
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Monitoring and analysis of individual periods of a business cycle dealing with relevant macroeconomical indicators in the Czech Republic
Holá, Martina ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Kovářík, Tomáš (referee)
My bachelor work describes some empirical aspects of the problems of a business cycle. I am focused on monitoring, description and analysis of individual periods of a business cycle. Dealing with it I use some relevant macroeconomical indicators, which can have a role of detectors of cyclical changes in the economy of a particular country. First I describe and analyse the reasons of fluctuation of economical activity in form of supply and demand shocks. The fundamental indicator is a real production, approximative GDP, the rate of inflation, nominal interest rate and the deficit of a state budget. To show the fluctulation of economical activities more deeply I chose the Czech Republic from the year 1993. I am specially focused on the period when the Czech Republic was preparing for the entrance into EU. There is also descibed the context of stimulation demand of economics and its effect on former process of a business cycle.
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Financiing of living need in relation to the financial stability of the state
Maule, Marek ; Kollár, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
Cílem práce je seznámit čtenáře s definicí pojmu finanční stabilita a nejvýznamnějšími oblastmi, které finanční stabilitu ovlivňují. Zaměříme se na faktory, jakými je finanční stabilita ovlivňována v rámci analyzovaných oblastí. Druhá část práce je zaměřena na přeshraniční financování bytových potřeb jakožto na velmi významnou oblast ovlivňující finanční stabilitu země. Výchozím podkladem k této části je studie týkajících se přeshraničních hypoték vypracována orgány Evropské unie, která je v práci částečně analyzována a aplikována na české podmínky.
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