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The influence of barefoot running on running kinetics
Bezemek, Denis ; Lopot, František (advisor) ; Vondrášek, David (referee)
Title: The influence of barefoot running on running kinetics. Objectives: The aim of this work is to assess the influence of different footwear (regular running shoes, barefoot footwear and barefoot running) on footstrike (rear-foot strike, mid-foot strike and fore-foot strike) during running and evaluate the action of reaction forces in different types of footstrike. Methods: In this study participated 11 runners (only men), who were divided in three groups based on their preferred footwear. Kinetic data (reaction forces) were collected by using a Kistler force plate, which was crossed by the participants with subjectively chosen speed. Kinematic parameters of running (speed) and video recordings of a single footstrikes were obtained by using a Qualisys system of optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry. All the measurements occurred during one day. Collected data were exported to Microsoft Excel 2013 programme, where the graphs of reaction forces were created and to Qualisys Track Manager software. Assessment was based on created graphs and video recordings. Results: The results show that runners wearing regular running shoes preferred a rear- foot strike, while among runners in barefoot footwear a fore-foot strike than mid-foot strike prevailed a bit. Among barefoot runners dominated a fore-foot...
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Influence of temperature on the diving reflex
Soustružník, Ondřej ; Vondrášek, David (advisor) ; Bažant, Filip (referee)
Title: Influence of temperature on the diving reflex Background: It is likely that the sum of the defense systems of the organism to changes in temperature known as the diving reflex occurs in each individual differently depending on the physical preparedness. Objectives: Check the effect of temperature on performance-diving reflex two different groups - experienced and novice divers. On the basis of experimental testing in hot and cold water, check the reaction of the body to different environmental conditions. Based on the physiological changes in an organism to assess whether it was demonstrated physiological ability of the body, known as the diving reflex. Methods: Experimental testing beginner diver (n = 5) experienced divers (n = 5) in hot water of temperature 20 - 25 ř C and cold water at a temperature of 4-6 ř C in the static apnea. Based on the measured values, changes in the body, heart rate, oxygen saturation, the overriding influence of sympathetic and parasympathetic, concentration and relaxation index to assess the extent of reaction of the organism and the subsequent involvement of the defense systems of the organism, as called diving reflex. To assess the difference between groups were used statistical methods - Cohen da Kolmogorov-Smirnův test. Results: The results of experiments...
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Involvement of muscle groups during specific ways of movement beneath the water scurface
Matoušek, Radek ; Vondrášek, David (advisor) ; Bažant, Filip (referee)
Title: Involvement of muscle groups during specific ways of movement beneath the water surface Objectives:. The aim of the thesis is to find that selected muscle groups or leg muscles most involved in locomotion at specific ways to move the scuba diver under the water surface and also to compare the percentage of one intermeshing cycle are active muscles being measured, and what percentage of their involvement they vary from specific movements during the water surface. Method: The research was conducted by monitoring surface EMG measurements. The research group consists of five experienced scuba divers. Results are interpreted using tables and bar graphs using the functions in Excel. Results: The results show that most wiring muscles in modified breaststroke kick are rectus femoris (proband 1, 2), m. biceps femoris (proband 2, 4) and gluteus maximus (proband 3, 5). When freestyle kick It is vastus lateralis (proband 3, 4, 5). In Table 4, can be traced, the percentage of one intermeshing cycle will involve more muscles, and whether it was in freestyle kick and modified breaststroke kick. It is here to find some interindividual tendency as in Table 5 and Table 6, which show the percentage when the muscle enters into engagement cycle and terminating its activity in meshing cycle. Keywords: water,...
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Anaylisis of the paragliding rescue parachute opening
Vinš, Jiří ; Dvorský, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vondrášek, David (referee)
Theme: Anaylisis of the paragliding rescue parachute opening Aims: To contribute safety in paragliding comunity by comparing rescue parachute speed openings.We will test different types and brands and focus mainly on speed of openings from the time of deployment to fully inflated rescue parachute. We will try to simulate it as close to the real situations as possible. Methodology: For our test we used a swing bridge where we attachad a rope. Pilot would always swing on the rope and deploy the rescue parachute. Each test was recorded on the camera so we could evaulate the speed of openings and stability. Each test was split in to 5 parts - drop in (rebound), swing, dead point (stall point), deployment, mening. Another method was experimental personality characteristics of the person conducting the investigation. Results: Results : After full analysis of the survey we found that a main factor of the reserve opening is the pilot as the direction and the strenght of the throw are the key factors for the reserve to open.Fastest open parachute in our test was cirus delta it opened in 3.17 seconds from the start of throw to open. Key words: paragliding, speed, rescue parachute, process of opening
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Method of Diver Rescue - Audiovisual Records
Haloun, Tomáš ; Vondrášek, David (advisor) ; Bažant, Filip (referee)
Title: Method of Diver Rescue- Audiovisual Records Objective: The aim of this paper is to create a complex audiovisual record describing practical steps to help and rescue a diver underwater. Methods: As the formulation of the title implicates, for fulfilling the paper objective, themethod of recording was selected. By the means of this method an audiovisual record was obtained, which was subsequently edited and supplemented with an audio commentary. While recording methods of simulation were used.The paper is initiated by theoretical part which was completed by methods of gathering, analysis and synthesis of data and which summarizes key information important for gaining deeper understanding of the problematics. Results: Instructional video was successfully recorded. After editing the final record takes 14 minutes and 35 seconds and includes all expected parts. Key words: Scuba diving, rescuing and helping a diver, diving signals, safety, prevention
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Use of available resources for the experimental measurements of the dynamics of bubbles and microbubbles
Spalová, Karolína ; Vondrášek, David (advisor) ; Bažant, Filip (referee)
Title: Use available resources to experimental measurements of the dynamics of bubbles and microbubbles. Objective: Find out available devicesfor use in simple experiments observing the dynamics of bubbles or microbubbles. Methods: Literature review of decompression theory and related. Mathematics and theoretical methods for determining the critical bubble size. Endsure the available devices. Using simple experiment to measure the bubbles size. Collect of value and analysis. Results: Available devices used for simple experiment in laboratory conditions. During the experiment, it was possible to observe the dynamics of bubbles in mascroscopic size. For the measurement of microbubbles in the critical areas of growth is need to use device with a higher magnification. Keywords: Press, liquid, air bubble, scuba diving, decompression.
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Scuba diving technical equipment comparison after year 1950 and comparison with rescue units
Král, Vojtěch ; Vondrášek, David (advisor) ; Bažant, Filip (referee)
Title Scuba diving technical equipment comparison after year 1950 and comparison with rescue units Goals: The main goal of this Bachelor's thesis is to compare the development of a recreational scuba diver's technical equipment after 1950, focusing on the 20th century. The secondary goal is to describe the scuba equipment of an emergency diving unit. Methods: In my Bachelor's thesis, I used both analysis and comparison. I applied the method of analysis in the introduction which consists of an overview of important historical data, personalities which had an impact on the development of scuba diving, and other important data associated with the development of scuba equipment. The main part of the Bachelor's thesis is a comparison of scuba equipment over the individual stages of its development. Results: The significant progress in scuba diving equipment, new materials, and changes in organizational structures seen in the past 50 years have been emphasized in my work.
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Analysis of the motion and position on the movement of the human body during scuba diving
Ehl, Sebastian ; Vondrášek, David (advisor) ; Bažant, Filip (referee)
Title: Analysis of the motion and position on the movement of the human body during scuba diving. Objectives: The goal of this work is to find out which movements our body, as a complex mechanism, does during diving with diving equipment. The statistics was made with five probands in the set of six measurements. This statics supposed to show us what effect does speed of swimming on body possition when the flutter kick or frog kick is used. The move in frontal and vertical axis of the swimmer will be evaluated in both style of swimming, also the observational error will be evaluated. The goal of this work is not to messure exact angles but how those angles changes according to speed of swimming. Last but not least will be determined the conection between speed of swimming and body position. Methods: For this work was used method of collecting data in real conditions by measuring device and statistical evaluation of collected data. Results: Results are presented by graphs where are the measured data of all probands. These data are compared with each other and added to another graphs. In tables there are correlation coefficient for link between size of angel and velocity of swimming under water surface. It was found that with high association the size of angle between the axis of the body and the...
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Differences in inhalation between men and famales during the identic scuba diving output
Rosenkranzová, Michaela ; Bažant, Filip (advisor) ; Vondrášek, David (referee)
Name: : The difference of consumption of a medium being inhaled between a man and a woman at the same level of endurance in scuba diving. Goals: The primary goal of this work, is to determine if and how is the amount of the inhaled medium depending on the gender of the divers. Compare the consumption between men and women while being faced with the same amount of stress, meaning during a united profile of a dive, try to maximize the decrease of the influence of stress factors. Confirm or deny the hypothesis that men show higher values of the inhaled medium. Methods: The theoretical part of this paper, was created based on the research of the appropriate literature. To obtain all the data, there was used the method of experiments, the results were then analyzed, compared and than statistically evaluated using the Students T- test. Probandi (n=10+10) took part in a 30 minute long and 20 meters deep dive in Bořená hora, during which their consumption of the inhaled medium was recorded every 5 seconds using a special underwater computer with a probe. Results: It was found out that men, during the same dive, consume more air than women because of their higher body weight. Key words: scuba diving, air, sex, respirator, minute ventilation
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Bilateral Asymmetries of Lower Limb's Muscle Activity during Basic Movement of Cha-Cha-Cha dance
Vondrášek, David ; Sládek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bigoni, Lucie (referee)
1 Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the degree of bilateral asymmetry of lower limbs' muscle activity in the dance movement Cha-cha-cha and to determine the cause of bilateral asymmetries of lower limbs' muscle activity. Differences in muscle activity of contralateral lower limbs might be caused by the factor of bilaterally asymmetrical movement patterns, the factor of neural pathways or the factor of training. We hypotetize that comparing the direction of bilateral asymmetry in muscle activity between asymmetrical dance movement and its mirror alternative can determine the cause of bilateral asymmetry in muscle activity of lower limbs within the movement. We studied 14 volunteers (7 men, 7 women), all were actively dancing at competitive level. We tested the muscle activity of musculus vastus lateralis (VL), musculus biceps femoris (BF), musculus tibialis anterior (TA) a musculus gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) using surface electromyography. The dance movement Cha-cha-cha was bilaterally asymmetrical in the muscle activity of VL, TA and GL. Direction of lower limbs' muscle activity indicates, that TA, being a muscle responsible for foot movement, might be affected by the factor of neural pathways and brain laterality, while VL and GL might be more affected by the factor of training. Key...
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