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The relationship among alcohol use, burnout syndrome and quality of life in paramedical staff: correlation survey
Miartušová, Monika ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vopravil, Jiří (referee)
BACKGROUND: This study focuses on a very sensitive and underestimated topic of drug addiction among medical staff. There is necessary interdisciplinary approach, focusing on psychosocial and environmental factors involved in the etiology of addiction among medical staff. The profession of paramedical staff demands to work with people and responsibility for their lives, so it is important that this work must be performed by a person in mental and physical well-being for performing adequate quality of care. Despite the awareness and exploration of burnout syndrome, the occurrence is still a current issue. Manifested mainly as a reaction to the working stress (Kebza, Šolcová, 2004). This working stress may penetrate also into the overall quality of life (Křivohlavý, 2013). Frequent helper in the stages of burnout syndrome is drinking alcohol, which shows the effects of antidepressants, which can be progress to alcoholism in certain situations (Ühlinger, 2009). OBJECTIVES: The research objective of this study is to determine the relation between alcohol consumption, occurrence of burnout syndrome and subjective evaluation of life quality among paramedical staff working in the hospital. METHODS: The study was performed by quantitative form and realized through standardized psychological instruments:...
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Driving under the influence of alcohol in the general population
Kaprasová, Kateřina ; Štefunková, Michaela (advisor) ; Vopravil, Jiří (referee)
Je faktem, že alkohol je aktuálním a celosvětovým problémem. Statistiky nám ukazují, že asi čtvrtina úmrtí, se přisuzuje alkoholu za volantem. Proto se ve své výzkumné práci zabývám problematikou řízení motorového vozidla pod vlivem alkoholu u obecné populace. Zajímají mě důvody, které vedou řidiče k usednutí za volant a profil rizikového řidiče. V práci píši o účincích alkoholu na člověka a psychologických aspektech. Popisuji také možnosti prevence v dopravě a zároveň informuji o aktuálních statistikách nehodovosti v ČR pro rok 2011 a 2012.Cílem práce je zjistit všeobecnou rozšířenost řízení pod vlivem alkoholu mezi českými řidiči. Dále sestavit profil rizikového řidiče a důvody, které řidiče k řízení pod vlivem alkoholu vedou. Moje první hypotéza je, že muži řídí pod vlivem alkoholu častěji než ženy. Druhá hypotéza je, že mladší řidiči budou řídit častěji. A poslední hypotézou si chci ověřit, jestli řidiči s nižším vzděláním, budou řídit pod vlivem alkoholu častěji. Metodou výzkumu jsem zvolila dotazník o uzavřených a otevřených otázkách. Dotazník byl předán respondentům v písemné formě elektronickou cestou, ale i osobně. K dotazníku jsem přikládala průvodní dopis, který respondenty informoval o cíli výzkumu a anonymitě šetření. Výzkumného šetření se zúčastnilo celkem 114 respondentů. Z toho 70...
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Do the future health professionals behave healthy? Prevalence of substance use among students at secondary medical school
Svobodová, Pavla ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vopravil, Jiří (referee)
Background Risky behavior among students nursing schools - future health professionals in direct and indirect patient care and access to addictive substances. Formulation of objectives or research questions To map the prevalence, frequency and types of drugs used by students SZŠ using the following research questions: What is the difference in the prevalence of substance use among students in direct patient care (field medical assistant) and students in indirect patient care (field of medical lyceum)? The prevalence of substance use (alcohol, soft and hard drugs) in the fields of medical students in relation to their future careers with age /year of lower/higher? Description of the methods used Data were collected at day education of students of the high school quantitative method using a questionnaire survey in Google Docs (Google Forms) with a total of 18 those questions, 15 of them were taken from the ESPAD (European School Survey Project study on alcohol and other drugs). The first three questions characterizing field of study, year of age and established author. The obtained data were processed by descriptive statistics based on an analysis of responses according to the research questions. The main results From the research shows that the field of medical assistant - ZA, which in the future...
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Soil organic matter dynamics at reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites
Bartuška, Martin ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Borůvka, Luboš (referee) ; Vopravil, Jan (referee)
Soil organic matter dynamics at reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites The subject of this thesis is to explore soil organic matter sequestration in post-mining soils and its relation to other ecosystem properties. The results of this study are summarized in four manuscripts, which have either been published or submitted for publication in international journals. On freshly mined-out overburden measurements of respiration revealed that the deep microflora community may substantially contribute to the microbial community in soil heaps, especially during early stages of succession and such influence early stages of pedogenesis. Microscopic observations also indicated massive breakdown of the sediment implying decomposition of fossil organic matter. For study of accumulation of soil organic matter, associated changes and interactions between chemical and biological soil properties over time, data from sets of plots of known different age(chronosequence) amended by data from repeated measurement after an extended period, allowed us to observe actual changes in soil chemistry, the carbon stock and soil properties. By this combination of these methods two separate studies were conducted at post-mining sites near the town of Sokolov in the Czech Republic (1999 and 2010). Soil pH decreased with site...
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Estimation of illegal drug consumption in Kazakhstan
Ayapbekova, Dinara ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Radimecký, Josef (referee)
Background: The republic of Kazakhstan is located on the "Northern Route" by which opiates are smuggled from Afghanistan to the Russian Federation and further into the European Union. For this reason, the state is under constant high risk of the drugs leaking to the local market, leading to drug abuse and related issues within the population. The drug situation in Kazakhstan is further complicated by the internal factor of the Chuy Valley which features the largest area of wild- growing cannabis in the world. The aim of this thesis is to estimate the consumption of cannabis-derived drugs and heroin in Kazakhstan based on the latest national and international reports and research. In terms of research, the thesis examines which organisations collect statistical information on users of illegal drugs and what methods are used to do so. Methods: the data analysis consisted of a secondary analysis of existing collected data through quantitative descriptive statistics and a qualitative analysis of individual international and national reports. Drug consumption was estimated based on demand. Results: According to estimates, there were 127,800 problem drug users in Kazakhstan in 2014; the total volume of consumed heroin was estimated to more than 46 tonnes. The estimated consumption of cannabis drugs in...
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The needs of clients in selected aftercare centers in the area of their housing
Vondrka, Josef ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Kuda, Aleš (referee)
Background: Aftercare services with an aftercare program in the Czech Republic significantly help to integrate persons with addictological problems into the majority society. However, according to the National Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction, more than 50 % of users of these services are unsuccessful in their aftercare. Objective: The aim of the research is to find out the needs of clients in the area of housing at selected after-treatment centers. Identify whether these needs are met and whether clients' success in aftercare programs is not affected by unmet housing needs. Methodology: The theoretical and practical part of the thesis delimits the research findings. The theoretical part deals with aftercare services with aftercare program and the effect of relapse and relapse in aftercare for addiction.The practical part defines the area of research and with the use of quantitative methods of research comes up with statistical data, which are subsequently interpreted. Results: 7 residential facilities with a capacity of 85 beds participated in the research. The research sample consisted of 76 respondents. The research sample found that a significant proportion of clients did not meet the housing needs and in 44,7 % would use the sociohealth services only for housing. In the research...
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Preferences of marihuana users: a comparison of results from research in 2015 and 2017
Havlíčková, Veronika ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: Specializace ve zdravotnictví Studijní obor: NMgr. Adiktologie - kombinovaná forma ID oboru: N5345 Bc. Veronika Havlíčková Preference uživatelů marihuany: srovnání výsledků výzkumů z let 2015 a 2017 Preferences of a marijuana user: comparison of research results from 2015 and 2017 Diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: Ing. Jiří Vopravil, Ph.D. Praha, 2018 Abstract Background: Marijuana in Europe among the most widely used drugs. Her popularity among young people is increasing. According to research by the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and drug addiction are among the countries with the highest prevalence of cannabis use in Europe. Previous research does not specify consumption and ways to obtain marijuana on the black market, and do not provide much more information on domestic production. In recent years, widespread use of cannabis products used to treat health problems. Objective: The aim of the research was to determine how to change the preferences of active users of marijuana in the past two years in the event that grow cannabis themselves or cater to the black market. The partial aim was to clarify the data already published in the author's bachelor thesis on cannabis cultivation in different regions, cannabis seed types, cultivation...
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Selected aspects of dual use of alcohol and marijuana
Serafínová, Naďa ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
SELECTED ASPECTS OF DUAL ALCOHOL AND MARIJUANA USAGE Naďa Serafínová SERAFÍNOVÁ, Naďa. Selected Aspects of dual alcohol and marijuana usage. Prague, 2017. 51 pages.. Bachelor thesis (Bc.). Charles Unversity, First Faculty of Medicine , Department of Addictology. Tutor: Vopravil, Jiří. ABSTRACT Background: Patterns of use of alcohol as well as motivations for alcohol use are well described in the addiction research and theory. What is not clear is whether the increasing availability and consumption of marijuana has any effects towards one's relationship to alcohol. It is clear however, that at least part of marijuana users must also be alcohol users. In theory, there are two options: Increasing use of marijuana may have a substitution (substituting alcohol with marijuana) or complementary (increasing the usage of) effects on alcohol consumption. A group of poly-drug substance users who combine alcohol and marijuana are also more commonly associated with risky behaviour by various studies. One way or the other, the poly drug use of alcohol and marijuana (also called cross-fading) is the subject of increasing interest by the researchers. Aims: The aims of this work is to provide an overview of the current theory regarding both drugs, as well as a description of use motivations, consumption patterns, effects of...
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The purity of illicit drugs (methamphetamine, heroin and cocaine) in Czech Republic
Limpouchová, Markéta ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (referee)
This work deals with the purity of the illegal drugs methamphetamine, cocaine and heroin, and its implications in a broad context. The theses is divided into two parts - the theoretical and the practical one. The theoretical part provides background information about the selected illegal drugs. The aim is to introduce the drugs in the context of the topic of this work, whereby the reader may gain an understanding of the implications of illicit drug purity. It contains a brief history of the selected drugs and mentions the current prevalence of their use in the Czech Republic. It also provides basic information about the production, chemical structure, administration and effects of these substances. Furthermore, the negative health impact that the adulteration of these drugs may have is also discussed.The practical part focuses on two areas. The first objective of this work consists of a proposal to establish the optimal borders between the wholesale and retail quantities, which should increase the information value of the data. The second objective of this study consists of a secondary analysis of drug seizures and the purity of the most frequently used illegal drugs in the Czech Republic, in the context of an international comparison. It is hypothesized that the purity of imported illegal drugs (heroin and...
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