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Education trail in the Hvězda area (Prague)
Prajzlerová, Dominika ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the characteristic of the locality "Obora Hvězda" in the city of Prague. In the first part current knowledge of the geology and history of the locality is summarized and its biological features described. This part is completed with the author"s original photographs from the field and from the palaeontological collections of the National Muzeum. The work is aimed namely on public who could use it to expand their knowledge on the proposed educational natural trail for children. This new trail is dealt with in the concluding part of the submitted thesis; it is assumed to replace the current one which does not capture children"s interest adequately due to it being too long and accompanied with rather complicated verbal descriptions. The thesis includes two newly elaborated information boards as an example of the rationale of the new trail project. The emphasis is on graphical presentation using brief texts conveying the important message as well as illustrations and photographs.
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Jurrasic calcareous nannoplankton from the northern Bohemia
Martincová, Anna ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Hrbek, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis summarizes the current knowledge of the Jurassic calcareous nanoplankton in relation to areas of northern Bohemia as a literary review. Work chracterize calcareous nannofossil in term of life cycle, ecology and points to its considerable importance for biostratigraphy. Work also describes the Jurassic sediments of the Bohemian Massif and the development of communities in the Jurassic calcareous nannofossils. Part of this work is a summary of the Jurassic expansion of calcareous nannofossils in Europe and creation of his survey through a table. The work also suggests the possibility of using calcareous nannofossils for specification biostratigraphy of northern Bohemia.
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Problems of the K/T boudary
Pícha, Štěpán ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Holcová, Katarína (referee)
Mass extinction attracts the attention of scientists for a long time. Particularly examined in detail the extinction at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, took place from 65.9 + -0.4 millionyears. There are numerous theories which try to explain the causes that led to the youngest of the five major extinctions in Earth history. Since 1980, when the iridium anomaly has been recorded in sediments , the theory of extraterrestrial cause of the extinctions caused by meteorite or comet was introducet. This theory has partly been confirmed by the findings impact crater in the Gulf of Mexico. Further examination, however, proved that the crater quite significantly precedes the boundary. Attention therefore has turned in another direction,i . e. the terrestrial cause of extinction. More recent scientists pay attention to present-day India and huge volcanic traps that created the Deccan platform.During the examination of the Deccan traps, the unexpected an impact crater structure, which is several times larger than the crater in the Gulf of Mexico, has been discovered This discovery started anew dispute about the main cause of the extinction at the Cretaceous / Tertiary boundary. Based on modern literature, the three major theories of the K/T extinction are discussed. I have tried to focus their causes,...
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The Quaternary Paleoecological Analysis of the Soos National Nature Reserve
Rajdlová, Hana ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Novák, Jan (referee)
The Quaternary Paleoecological Analysis of the Soos National Nature Reserve The aim of this proposed diploma thesis is to describe the structure of diatom communities in the diatomite deposits of the Soos National Nature Reserve and compare the finding of this thesis with those of older publications. Another aim was to reconstruct the history of the basin trough with the outputs of diatom analysis accomplished in the 3,4 m long sediment profile. The similarity of diatom communites in individual diatomite types was also tested. Key words: subfossil diatoms, Soos National Nature Reserve, paleolimnology, Late Glacial, Holocene
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Actuoecology of testate amoebae in fresh water and soil environment in enteraction with fungi and their analysis with new microscopic techniques
Burdíková, Zuzana ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Jansa, Jan (referee) ; Hudáčková-Hlavatá, Natália (referee)
4 Abstract The present thesis focuses on testate amoebae (TA) and their relationship to their natural environment, as well as on relevant microscopic imaging methods. The bulk of the data has been published in original scientific papers and is compiled into three separate chapters (Pt I, Pt II and Pt III), each annotated by a brief introduction. (Pt I) The methods section is devoted to specialized microscopic techniques employed to broaden the scope of the ecological analyses. In particular, precise discrimination between live and dead individuals, biomass determination inside individual tests and a multi-modal visualization of the cytoplasm and organelles enhance the data. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and two-photon microscopy are the main imaging modalities employed to study TA morphology in detail. The data have implications for taxonomy and ecophysiology, including the use of TA as bioindicators of pollution. (Pt II) An actuoecological analysis focuses on the seasonal variability of TA species composition in a freshwater ecosystem, namely the Komo any ponds in Prague, during the course of the year. The species composition variation is correlated to simultaneously recorded limnological parameters such as temperature, pH, contamination by (heavy) metals (As, Cd, Mn, Ni, Fe, Pb), polycyclic aromatic...
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Cretaceous Foraminifera from the Březno section
Hašková, Barbora ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Tomanová, Pavla (referee)
Thesis is focused on foraminifera from classical Březno section. It describes the basic charakteristics of foraminifera, Czech Cretaceous Basin, Březno section near Louny and history of research of Cretaceous foraminifera in Czech Republic. Taxonomically studied planktonic foraminifera species are from family Heterohelicidae Cushman, 1927, and benthos species are from family Lagenidae Reuss, 1862, Nodosariidae Ehrenberg, 1838, and Vaginulinidae Reuss, 1860. Key words: Foraminifera, Cretaceous, Březno near Louny, Heterohelicidae, Lagenidae, Nodosariidae, Vaginulinidae
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Cretaceous Radiolaria from the Březno section
Müllerová, Petra ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Vajskebrová, Markéta (referee)
The presented thesis is focused on the Radiolaria of the Czech Cretaceous Basin. The studied material was collected in Březno u Loun and in the Úpohlavy quarry. Biology, ecology and morphology, as well as systematics of the whole group is discussed. An important part of this thesis constitutes of the geological settings of Cretaceous, Czech Cretaceous Basin and both localities. 26 samples from Březno and 24 samples from the Úpohlavy quarry have been studied using several methods with the aim to obtain most numerous and best preserved communities possible. Despite poor preservation of the shells, 9 species have been identified. Several shells have been assigned at least to the genus or order levels. Species of Dictyomitra communis (Squinabol, 1904), Dictyomitra cf. napaensis Pessagno, 1976, Turbocapsula cf. giennensis O'Dogherty, 1994, Novixitus cf. mclaughlini Pessagno, 1977, Stichomitra cf. stocki (Campbell & Clark, 1944), Stichomitra communis Squinabol, 1903, Stichomitra japonica (Nakaseko & Nishimura), in Nakaseko et. al., 1979, Holocryptocanium barbui Dumitrica, 1970, cf. Pseudoaulophacus pargueraensis Pessagno, 1963 and genera of Orbiculiforma, Stichomitra, cf. Cryptamphorella have been reported in the Czech Cretaceous Basin for the first time.
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Early Devonian Foraminifera from the Prague Formation
Vaněčková, Anna ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Tonarová, Petra (referee)
Lower Devonian foraminifera are known from only a few localities globally and thus are not much investigated. The taxonomy, as well as further use of this group is insufficiently known. One of the main areas of research of foraminifera is the Barrandian area in the Czech Republic. This thesis follows previous studies of this territory but focuses particulary on the Prag formation, which has proven to be rich in foraminifera communities. Taxonomic studies were conducted at two Lower Devonian sites, namely the Na Stydlých vodách quarry and the Požáry quarry. The study showed that foraminifera communities described from the Na Stydlých vodách quarry were dominated by the following genera: Hyperammina, Colonammina and Tolypammina. The highest abundance was recorded at the transition of dvorecko-prokopské limestones and řeporyje limestones and in dvorecko-prokopské limestones. At the Požáry quarry, the communities were dominated by tubular genera of Tolypammina, Hyperammina and Bathysiphon and spherical genera of Lagenammina and Colonammina. The abbundance of Colonammina is unusually high, the genus has been described rarely from other parts of the world so far.
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Teaching geology in primary and secondary schools in the Czech Republic - professional and lay public opinion survey
Michovská, Linda ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor)
The objective of the thesis was to perform a research about opinions of professional and general public on teaching geology in Czech elementary and secondary schools using paper and electronic questionnaires. The purpose was to evaluate the current state of education based on personal experience of those who learned geology at school and also to bring ideas about its possible future form. In introduction the work sums up history of teaching geology in our country and describes the current state and ongoing reform of education. The main part deals with the actual research and assessment of replies gained from the questionnaires. Respondents' experience with teaching geology is also included, i.e. evaluation of their geology education and use of acquired knowledge and requirements for teaching. The research results show that knowledge of geology related sciences is considered a part of general education and that teaching geology has its own position in elementary and grammar schools. Respondents' assessments indicate quite high quality of present education, however, some respondents from professional and general public agree on specific imperfection of education. Teaching geology should get higher quality through presentation of more useful practical knowledge, including a bigger part of field geology...
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Determination of Lactulose by capillary zone electrophoresis
Holcová, Kristýna ; Doležal, Martin (advisor) ; Kučera, Radim (referee)
Determination of Lactulose by capillary zone electrophoresis Kristýna Holcová A lot of sugar analysis methods exist. Capillary Electophoresis (CE), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatogramy (GC), Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) etc. HPLC is the method which is most used, however other methods have also some advantage. One of the already described capillary electrophoresis methods is the carbohydrate separation in alkaline medium after chelatation with copper(II) ions with direct UV detection without need of previous derivatization. It has been tested for simple sugars, disaccharides, some amine-acids and inorganic cations. I applied capillary electrophoresis method mentioned above on questions of setting up osmotic laxancium lactulose. Lactulose is disaccharide from the chemistry point of view. It appears in molasses form in commercial medicaments. The method has been suited to the apparature used during the research and tested substance. It has been proved the specifity and accuracy of the method and it has been set up correlative factor (0,9994). Quality and quantity analysis has been applied on chosen samples.
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