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Long-term sustainability of state debt financing and the impact on development activities of the Czech government
Babičová, Martina ; Maaytová, Alena (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
The aim of the thesis called: Long-term sustainability of state debt financing and the impact on development activities of the Czech government, is to evaluate the long-term sustainability. To achieve this aim the analysis of the development of the Czech state debt and identification of factors working for the deepening of fiscal imbalance was conducted. The work also explores the relationship between state debt and state budget expenditures on development activities of the government. Spending on research, development and innovation were chosen to identify that relationship. On the basis of the analysis there are suggested possible changes in fiscal policy which could contribute to improving the current situation and rebalance.
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The impact of tax reform in 2008 on households and firms
Petružálková, Mona ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the tax reform of year 2008. The tax reform in 2008 has brought many changes that are apparent until now. Our goal is to show the impact of this reform on households and firms. The theoretical part is focused on general issues related to the reform. In this part are presented the reasons, objectives and anticipated impacts. Furthermore the most importatnt changes in our tax system, which could affect our analysis. The practical parts of the work on evaluating the impact of changes in the tax system, are situated in every chapter by the particular taxes. This thesis analyzes the impact of tax reform on households and firms using data from tax returns and other data published by the tax authorities in years 2007 and 2008 eventually 2009, and compares them.
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Comparison of labor taxation in selected countries of the OECD (Visegrad 4 and Germany)
Šantrůček, Petr ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
This final thesis deals with comparison of labor taxation in selected countries of the European Union: countries of Visegrad 4 and Germany. One of the essential goals was to find labor taxation for determined income levels and comparison of total labor taxation between selected countries. Next goal was to implement elements of most optimized labor taxation to Czech tax system. The first two chapters represent description of labor taxation: of personal income tax and social contributions in selected countries. Third chapter analyzes labor taxation for determined levels of income for every each country. Fourth chapter deals with the comparison of the labor taxation between selected countries and reflects differences of tax systems. Last fifth chapter analyses implementation of labor taxation elements of other examined country to the Czech tax system.
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Analysis of expenses on social security
Jakubcová, Alžběta ; Izák, Vratislav (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
This diploma thesis analyzes the social security system in the Czech Republic. From 1995 to 2014 are gradually being analyzed spending on these benefits stemming from the state budget. Besides the analysis itself is partial goal to familiarize readers with the structure and construction of the social security system in the Czech Republic. In the thesis there is also made a comparison with selected countries based on at-poverty risk rate. This indicator is compared before and after the payment of social benefits in those states. At the end of the thesis there is created a regression model to predict spending on unemployment benefits untill year 2018.
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Financing of fiscal deficits in the Eurozone
Hrušková, Karolína ; Izák, Vratislav (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on fiscal deficits in the Eurozone and possible consequences of their existence. The current state of public finances caused by insufficient fiscal responsibility of member states is discussed in the context of the debt and finance crisis, and related actions of the European Central Bank. The economic stability of the Eurozone is assessed in accordance with the theory of optimal currency areas. Using a monetary approach, the thesis presents circumstances that allow for a rise in inflationary pressures, also as a possible consequence of a debt monetization. The possible development of the indebtedness in the Eurozone and the critical points of public finance sustainability are discussed in the final part.
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Effective taxation of individuals in business activity and impacts of its optimalization
Flajšhans, Pavel ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with the effective taxation of individuals in the execution of business activity and the benefits from the social security system, which arise from this taxation. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effective tax burden on individuals for various forms of business activities, to evaluate possibilities of optimization and to evaluate the impact of the tax burden on the benefits of the social security system. The first chapter provides a description and analysis of the components of the effective tax burden on the individual for given forms of businesses and presents means for its optimization. The second chapter focuses on selected benefits from the social insurance system, their description and analysis of their dependence on the tax burden on individuals. The third chapter analysis a real business entity, it engages in the possibilities of its optimization in terms of taxation and benefits from the social security systém.
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Analysis of support for families with children in pension and tax system
Štěrbáčková, Lucie ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
The subject of this thesis is an analysis of support for families with children in pension and tax system of the Czech Republic. In pension system family is supported in connection with survivor pensions and parents are supported in relation to retirement pensions. Tax system allows to families with children various tax credits that reduce the final tax liability. Furthermore, from this system are paid state benefits and foster care benefits. In terms of overall tax support are in the Czech Republic the most supported medium- and high-income households with both parents and single parent households the least. The theoretical part deals with various kinds of support within each system. The practical part contains analysis of support from the tax system and health insurance system as other form of support for families with children. Its aim is to quantify changes in income of model families based on the number of children and income level before kids.
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Principals of tax administration and tax law
Lapková, Veronika ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with main principals of tax administration and tax law, their compliance or violating in particular situations. Presenting of their content and real meaning is provided by description and explanation of their (wrong) application under various circumstances. The Supreme Administrative Court´s case laws and jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court are significant sources of information in this part. Along with accompanying effects arising from violating the principles this thesis continues with analysis of Working pensioners affair, especially the case n. Pl. ÚS 31/13. Here the provision of § 35ba art. 1 l. a) Income Tax Act has been contested according to which the tax of a taxpayer, who is a recipient of an old-age pension benefits from statutory pension insurance scheme or similar abroad one at 1st January of the taxable period, shall not be reduced by the basic amount of 24 840 CZK. There are not omitted demographical, legal and economic aspects of the affair in this thesis as well as relevant regulatory development for the years 2000 to 2015. The thesis brings evaluation of compliance or violating of the principles of tax administration and tax law through the analysis of key elements in own review.
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Analysis of taxation of professional footballers and impact of proposed legislative change to the state budget
Dubský, Tomáš ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the impact of proposed change to taxation of professional football players in Czech republic. According to Czech tax authorities the formal relationship between football player and football club is considered as self-employment, nevertheless by its nature is more likely employment. In the theoretical part of this thesis I will define the difference between self-employment and employment, I will also describe the problem of illegal self-employment in place of employment. There will be described different forms of taxation of football players in Europe and finally a new legislative change will be proposed. In the analytical part there will be quantified the impact of the proposed legislative change.
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