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Divorce trends in the Czech Republic and France within the context of legislation
Serbusová, Barbora ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
The main objective of this thesis consists in analyzing the impact of divorce legislation on the divorce rate in the Czech Republic and in France, from the 1950's up to the present time. The introduction provides information on the historical development of matrimonial legislation. The second part characterizes in detail the development of the legislative changes in the field of divorce in both countries. The next chapter is devoted to the comparative analysis of the divorce rate in the context of the legislative changes. In detail, it consists in studying the evolution of the divorce rate, the duration-specific divorce rate and the divorce rate in families with children. Furthermore, the cohort analysis of selected marriage-cohort was performed. The last chapter focuses on the development of attitudes towards marriage, family and divorce, all of that based on some selected surveys. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Impact of overweight and obesity on life quality
Nová, Kateřina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis addresses overweight and obesity worldwide and in the Czech Republic. It deals primarily with child obesity and investigates obesity impact on life quality of individuals. The aim of this work was to manifest a negative effect of obesity and overweight on health of the population. The theoretic part of the thesis deals with obesity definition, methods of measurement, treatment options and time trends with an emphasis on the situation in the Czech Republic. Effects of overweight and obesity on humans are analysed on the basis of expert studies. The obesity increases mortality and morbidity levels and the risk may increase if the prevalence grows. The analytical part of the work deals with the examination of survey data for children and adults. Statistical methods of correlation and regression were used for the analytical purpose. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Biological and social factors related to reproduction in the Czech Republic
Kaplanová, Helena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The aim is to describe the development of selected demographic characteristics and their comparison in the long term or in selected years characterizing the babies and their mothers in the Czech Republic. The indicators are divided according to what they described to the biological factors, social factors and health factors. The analysis of biological characteristics includes age, frequency, order of birth and mothers parity. Social characteristics examined include marital status and education. Health characteristics in the thesis deal with pregnancy and childbirth, addictive substances use and childlessness. This thesis also describe the evolution of the mentioned characteristics and their combinations for the region NUTS II. in the Czech Republic supported by cluster analysis, which confirmed the regional differentiation. The major finding is that mothers still continuing moving to higher age groups, increasing the proportion of births outside marriage, increasing the representation of women in higher education and increasing the proportion of childbearing by caesarean section. In conclusion, this work also includes a description of the current typical woman, who has a children
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Reproductive careers of women in Slovakia during the state socialist era of the 1970s and in transforming society
Potančoková, Michaela ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee) ; Piscová, Magdaléna (referee)
The main goal of this study is to understand changes in fertility timing and ordering of reproductive life events over the women's life course. We investigate the process of family formation and transition to motherhood in Slovakia comparing birth cohorts of women who experienced childbearing during the state socialism of the 1970s and in transforming society. We employ the life course theory and combine qualitative methods with cross-sectional and cohort analysis of reproductive behaviour. Compared to the standardisation of reproductive careers during the state socialist era we observe individualisation of the life course and lowering degree of co-occurrence of life events in transition to adulthood. We find that sequential view of the life course, the perceived incompatibility of parenting with parallel life careers and newly articulated age norms contribute to the postponement of childbearing, which is perceived a rational strategy in response to the context of the market-oriented economy. Keywords: life course, reproductive behaviour, cohort fertility, postponement of childbearing, qualitative methods, Slovakia Abstrakt Hlavným cieľom štúdie je preskúmať zmeny usporiadania a časovania reprodukčných udalostí v rámci reprodukčných dráh žien. Porovnávame proces zakladania rodiny a prechodu k...
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Marriage and cohabitation in the Czech Republic and in France: demonstration of the second demographic transition?
Paloncyová, Jana ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Kuchařová, Věra (referee)
Cílem této práce je porovnat změny partnerského chování v České republice v 90. letech se situací ve Francii od 70. let. Pozornost je zaměřena na vstup do prvního partnerství, tedy na prvosňatečnost a život v nesezdaném soužití. Změny, ke kterým dochází v České republice od počátku 90. let, jsou často dávány do analogie se změnami, ke kterým došlo v rodinném chování v zemích západní Evropy v 60. a 70. letech. Řada studií se zabývá srovnávacími analýzami vycházejícími ze současného stavu, tj. porovnávají situaci ve více zemích ve stejném časovém období posledních let. Tato práce si klade otázku, zda celospolečenský kontext změn partnerského chování v České republice měl podobné rysy jako celospolečenský kontext podobných změn ve Francii. Z podrobných analýz vyplývá, že změny partnerského chování byly v obou zemích reakcí jak na strukturální změny společnosti, tak na hodnotové a postojové změny populace. Klíčová slova: sňatečnost, manželství, nesezdané soužití, druhý demografický přechod, změny hodnot, sociální zabezpečení, rodinná politika, strukturální analýza Abstract The aim of the study is to analyse the changes of partnership behaviour in the Czech Republic in the 1990s and in France since the 1970s. The attention is paid mainly to the first marriage and living in cohabitation. The changes...
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Health life expectancy in EU
Šigutová, Lenka ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
During the last decades decline in mortality rates was observed. As the life expectancy increases, more questions about quality of "extra" years are arisen. Life expectancy - long time traditional indicator of population health- is not sufficient indicator to answer these questions. Following thesis summarizes relatively new type of indicators called "health expectancies". These are combination of mortality and non fatal health outcomes and they adding the aspect of health (aspect of quality) to quantitative concept of life expectancy. Increase of life expectancy is related with changes in epidemiology situation. Nowadays chronic diseases exercise crucial influence to European health state situation. Concept of health expectancies makes possible to access changing in mortality and morbidity simultaneously. Health expectancy is also useful measure for international comparison. Concerning to that, the international harmonization of data sources is very important. Following thesis describes health state situation in EU25 countries via health expectancies from European survey Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. Firstly according to each concept of health (subjective perceived health, activity limitation, chronic diseases). Then on the basis of values of health expectancies is created the typology of EU...
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Registred partnership: European conditions
Žilková, Anna ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The objective of this study is to analyze and to evaluate the conditions of registered partnership of homosexual couples in a European context. The level of registration in the countries which allow homosexual couples to be registred is shown with the help of one fundamental indicator - the crude rate of registration of homosexuals. Where the amount of data available permits it, the character of registration of homosexual couples at national level is presented in bigger detail. Moreover, an analysis of the behaviours of same-sex couples in different countries is completed, comparing patterns of behaviour across national boundaries and against heterosexual couples as well. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Demographic aging with focus on oldest old
Tuháčková, Pavla ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Bartoňová, Dagmar (referee)
This study addresses demographic aging issues. Firstly, the demographic aging is outlined, the components are specified and the influence on age structure is clarified. The development of demographic aging is illustrated with the example of the Czech Republic. Later, there is discussed the new concept of age and the methods of evaluation of health situation. The final parts of the study are focusing on the structure of senior population and the prospects of demographic aging. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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