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The Importance of Phytoterapy in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic
Hrušková, Martina ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Hrušková, M.: The importance of phytoterapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Rigorous thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2010, p.72 My rigorous thesis was intended on professional research on the topic: The importance of phytoterapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The aim of my rigorous thesis was determined how wide importance and share has phytotherapy in the treatment of Benign prostatic hyperplasia. The survey was conducted on the basis of questionnaires ( number 100 ) with patients in the Hospital pharmacy of Regional hospital Kolín, a.s. and a small part in the Urological ambulance department of Urology at the Regional hospital Kolín a.s. From our survay shows that phytotherapy has its obvious importance in the treatment of early stage BPH ( I. a II. stage ). Share phytoteraphy in the treatment of BPH is 38%, 1% of a combination of both therapies and 61% is pharmacotherapy. Plants that are especially used in the treatment of BPH are sorted descending according to the obtained results: Serenoa repens, Epilobium parviflorum, Prunus africana.
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Biological Activity of Cichorium Intybus Compounds
Málková, Marta ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Marta Málková: Biologická aktivita obsahových látek Cichorium intybus. Rigorózní práce, Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové, Katedra farmaceutické botaniky a ekologie, Hradec Králové 2010, s.57. Klíčová slova : Cichorium intybus, čekanka obecná, arnikolid Biologická aktivita byla stanovována u extraktů získaných z plodů a kořenů Cichorium intybus. Použit byl ethanolový, vodný a dichlormetanový extrakt ze sušených kořenů a suchý vodný extrakt z plodů a z něj získaná frakce obsahující fenolické kyseliny. Významný inhibiční efekt na acetylcholinesterázu a butylcholinesterázu nebyl zaznamenán u žádného z extraktů. Nejvyšší obsah fenolických látek a zároveň nejvyšší antioxidační aktivita byla zjištěna u frakce obsahující fenolické kyseliny. Dále byly všechny extrakty hodnoceny pomocí tenkovrstvé chromatografie, která prokázala přítomnost sitosterolu v dichlormethanovém extraktu z kořenů Cichorium intybus. Na základě výsledků TLC byla pomocí HPLC v tomto extraktu zjištěna přítomnost laktonu arnikolidu. ABSTRACT Marta Málková: Biological activity of Cichorium intybus compounds. Rigorous thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology. Hradec Králové, 2010, s.57. Keywords : Cichorium intybus,...
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Ecotoxicological screening of antibiotic Augmentin 625® mg
Psohlavcová, Zuzana ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee) ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor)
Psohlavcová Zuzana, Ecotoxicological screening of the antibiotic Augmentin® 625 mg, rigorous thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology In the years 2005 - 2008 amoxicillin accounted 17% of all consumed antibacterial drugs used in systematic therapy. Usage of this antibiotic has not been reduced over the years and therefore the ecosystems are permanently contaminated. To evaluate the ecotoxicological effect of amoxicillin I used Algaltoxkit (ie. 72hour growth inhibition test of the green algae Selenastrum capricornutum) and Rapidtoxkit (rapid screening test for the crustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus). Next I used a 48hour test of acute toxicity with the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis. I tested these organisms in concentrations ranging from 12,5 - 0,044 g/l of the active substance. Green algae reacted with the drug strongly toxic, while the standard from a concentration of 2.83 g/l. For T. platyurus were 30% inhibition of particle uptake for amoxicillin 3,28 g/l and test medicine 1,56 g/l. Ciliate reacted in tests with both substances strongly toxic. The drug Augmentin® 625 mg has been shown more toxic than the standard. Key words: ecotoxicity, Augmentin® 625 mg, amoxicillin, Tetrahymena pyriformis, Selenastrum...
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Biological effect of plant metabolites III. Isolation of alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham.
Linzerová, Petra ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee) ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor)
Linzerová, Petra.: Biological Effect of Plant Metabolites III. Izolation of Alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham. A Diploma Work, Charles University in Praque, Faculty Of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany And Ecology, Hradec Králové 2009, 54 pages Aims of this diploma thesis were to isolate alkaloids from J1 extract obtained from a herb with roots from a plant Eschscholzia californica Cham., to perform the identification of gained alkaloid and to participate in determination of activity of isolated alkaloid against the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase. After finding suitable mix of reagents we divided the extract on a chromatografic column filled with silica gel by system of chloroform : ethanol with gradual increasing of concentration ethanol. With obtained eluents we made a orientation thin layer chromatography with developing system acetic acid : ethanol : water (60 : 30 : 10). Alkaloids were detected by UV radiation and spray with Dragendorff reagent. After decantation of fractions with similar spectrum of matters we cleared selected mixture. We obtained two alkaloids; NMR spectroscopy will be used to determine the structures of these alkaloids. Keywords: Eschscholzia californica Cham., benzo[c]phenantridin alkaloids, column chromatography, Alzheimer...
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Analytical methods of evaluation of antioxidant/free-radical scavenging activity
Baronová, Pavlína ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee) ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor)
Baronová, P. Analytical methods of evaluation of antioxidant/free-radical scavenging activity. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 65 pp. Antioxidant active compounds play a positive role in the prevention and threatment of many diseases. Consequently, antioxidant activity of natural and synthetic compounds is world-widely investigated. For this purpose, many methods for the evaluation of the activity were elaborated. The first part of this review is focused on the describtion of free radicals, its origin and function in the human body. Antioxidants are divided into several subclasses like endogenous and exogenous, which are divided to high-molecular or low molecular according to the structure, and synthetic and natural according to the origin. The methods for determination of free radicals (synthetic or endougenous radicals) scavenging activity, evaluation of inhibition of lipid peroxidation, or redox properties (chemical or elektrochemical methods) of tested compounds are enclosed in this thesis. The instrumetnal analytical methods like HPLC or SIA (sequential injection methods) and FIA are also mentioned. The review also describes the practical examples of use of various described methods. In the conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of individual methods...
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Ecotoxicological screening of the select drug III
Šilhavá, Tereza ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee) ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor)
Šilhavá Tereza, Ecotoxicological screening of the select drug III, (graduation thesis) Charles University in Prague, Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology; total number of pages: 61 At the present time, we are increasingly discovering the residue of medical drugs in the environment where they can continue to influence organisms found in nature. In our experiment, we were assessing the ecotoxicity of diazepam found in the medical drug Diazepam 5 mg in comparison with standard diazepam. When evaluating the toxicity, we were using the following organisms: unicellular Tetrahymena pyriformis, nauplii of Thamnocephalus platyurus, and seeds of Sinapis alba. It was revealed that the most sensitive organism was Sinapis alba. At the highest concentration of diazepam tablet, root growth was inhibited by up to 96.4%. Key words: ecotoxicology, diazepam, Sinapis alba, Tetrahymena pyriformis, Thamnocephalus platyurus
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Biological effect of plant metabolites I. Isolation of alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham.
Křečková, Martina ; Martin, Jan (referee) ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor)
Diplomová práce 2009 Křečková Martina 1 1 Abstract Křečková, M.: Biological effect of plant metabolites I. Isolation of alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2009, 102 p. My diploma thesis was intended on phytochemical study of extract J1, quaternary acid iodides, of Eschscholzia californica Cham. It concerns the separation of content substances chromatography column with following TLC fraction which was realized at the Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology. Crystals which were separated from the fraction marked ESCH 23 belong to the group of flavonoids substances. In the concrete, it concerns ferulic acid.
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Opium - chemical composition, use and potentialities of drug abuse
Štenclová, Andrea ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee) ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor)
Štenclová, A.: Opium - chemical composition, use and potentialities of drug abuse. A diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2010, 94 pages This retrieval diploma thesis focuses on the processing of the facts about opium. The issue is examined from several points of view. The thesis deals with the question of the origin of this drug, its historical conception in various civilisations; it also concentrates on the chemical composition of the drug - particular attention is paid to the classification of alkaloids according to their chemical structure and to their biosynthesis. The following parts of the thesis describe legal and illegal opium production in the world, pharmacological effects of this drug on human organism as well as the problem of drug addiction and possibilities of its treatment. Keywords: opium, Papaver somniferum, opioid alkaloids, opium production, opium's effects on human organism, drug addiction
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Biological effect of plant metabolites II. Isolation of alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham.
Linzerová, Michaela ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee)
Linzerová, M.: A Biological Effect of Plant Metabolits II. The Isolation of Alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica Cham. A diploma work, Charles University in Praque, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2009, 66 pages Extract J1 from plant Eschscholzia californica Cham. was separated. The separation was performed on a chromatografic column filled by silica gel, mixture of chloroform-ethanol 100+0 to 45+55 was chosen as eluent. For detection was taken thin-layer chromatography. A polar mixture of ethanol-acetic acid-water (60+30+10) was chosen as eleunt mixture. Detection was evaluated by UV radiation and spray of Dragendorff reagent. The fractions containing the highest concentracion of alkaloids were coupled and purified. Two different alkaloids were obtained. The structures of these alkaloids were found out by NMR method. Keywords: Californian Poppy, Eschscholzia californica, alkaloids, column chromatography, Alzheimer disease, benzophenanthridin alkaloids
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Antioxidative activity of compounds in Helianthus annuus L.
Podlipná, Jana ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Podlipná, J. Antioxidant activity of Helianthus annuus L. constituens. Rigorous thesis 2009. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 58 pp. Rigorous thesis follows the Diploma thesis Phytochemical research of Helianthus annuus L. IV. The thesis was focused on testing of biological activity of extracts and fractions from plant H. annuus. Setting-up the total amount of phenol substances with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent on chosen extracts and fractions was done. Further the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical on various extracts and fractions from this plant and antimycotic activity on 12 testing strains of fungi clans as well. The new findings about sunflower were added into thesis at the end. The highest content of phenol substances from tested extracts and fractions were in 80% ethanol extract from leaves of sunflower (0,084 mg GAE/mg of dry extract). Chosen fractions gained from 80% ethanol extract from leaves of this plant did not showed significant antioxidant activity. Kaurenoic acid gained from ray flowers and fractions from pericarp did not showed antimycotic action on tested strains.
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